Ordovician lokaci na Paleozoic Era: Flora da fauna

Ordovician (tsarin) - a karo na biyu Layer na sediments na Paleozoic kungiyar a cikin tarihi na binciken kasa na duniya. Sunan da aka samu daga zamanin d kabilar Ordovician. Suka zauna a Wales, UK. Wannan lokaci da aka gane a matsayin wani m tsarin. Yana wanzu ɗari biyar shekaru miliyan da suka wuce da kuma tsawon shekaru miliyan sittin. A lokacin kasaftawa ga mafi yau tsibiran da kuma a kan dukkan nahiyoyi.

Geology Ordovician System

A farkon lokaci na Arewa da ta Kudu Amirka, sun kusa zuwa Turai da kuma Afrika. Australia ya na gaba tare da Afrika, da kuma wani bangare ne na Asia. Daya daga cikin sandunan ne a yankin arewacin Afirka, da sauran - a arewacin tekun Pacific. A farkon da Ordovician yawa na kudu na Duniya sun shagaltar da nahiyar Gondwana. Yana hada da na yanzu South America, ta Kudu tekun Atlantic, Australia, Africa, Arewa Asiya da tekun Indiya. A hankali, Turai da Arewacin Amirka, (Lawrence) sun zama dabam daga juna. Sea matakin da aka tashi. Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasar da aka a cikin dumi latitudes. A Gondwana aka Mining, kuma daga baya nahiyar glaciers. A Kudancin Amirka da kuma a arewa maso yammacin Afirka zauna kasa sediments na moraines, wanda ya bar wani Paleozoic zamanin.

Ordovician a kasar Larabawa, a kudancin Faransa, Spain ne halin da icing. A Brazil da yankin yammacin Sahara da burbushi na kankara kuma gano. Fadada na teku yankunan faruwa a tsakiyar Ordovician. A yammacin sassa na Arewa da Kudancin nahiyar Amirka, Great Britain, a cikin Ural-Mongolian bel, a kudu maso gabashin Australia, burbushi na Ordovician sediments isa zuwa dubu goma mita. A wadannan wurare, akwai mai yawa volcanoes, lawa tara duwatsu. Nemo kuma chert: yasfa, ftanidy. A Rasha da Ordovician lokaci ne a fili a bayyane a kan Gabas Turai, Siberian dandali, a cikin Urals, Novaya Zemlya, a kan New Siberian Islands, a kan Taimyr Larabawa a Kazakhstan da kuma Asiya ta tsakiya.

Yanayin halin da ake ciki a Ordovician System

A Ordovician sauyin yanayi da aka raba hudu iri: wurare masu zafi, temperate, subtropical, nival. A Late Ordovician aka sanyaya. A wurare masu zafi da yankuna da yawan zafin jiki kika aika da biyar digiri, a subtropical yankuna - goma sha biyar. Very sanyi sosai a cikin babban latitudes. The Middle Ordovician akwai wani warmer sauyin yanayi, idan aka kwatanta da baya zamanin. Wannan ya tabbatar da rarraba farar ƙasa.

Ma'adanai a cikin Ordovician System

Daga cikin ma'adanai kafa a wannan lokaci, gano man fetur da kuma iskar gas. Musamman mai yawa adibas na wannan lokaci, a Arewacin Amirka. Har ila yau, alama da ajiya na mai shale, phosphorite. Wadannan kudaden da ake bayyana ta ma'aunan kasa matakai a wadda magma ya shiga tsakani. Alal misali, a Kazakhstan akwai adibas na manganese tama da barytes.

Sea a Ordovician

The Middle Ordovician akwai wani fadada Maritime sarari. Seabed zama m. Wadannan canje-canje ƙwarai shafi jari na babban Layer na laka, wanda aka wakilta baki sludge. Ya kunshi ash eruptions, clastic kankara da yashi. m tẽkuna aka located in abin da yake a yanzu ta Arewa da Amurka da kuma Turai.

A Flora da fauna da Ordovician

Algae a Ordovician lokaci ba su canza a lokacin da idan aka kwatanta da baya lokacin. Yana bayyana da sosai farko shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa. Su ne mafi yawa wakilta mosses.

Rayuwa a cikin ruwa a wannan lokaci quite bambancin. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa an dauke da muhimmanci sosai a cikin tarihin duniya. Kafa main iri teku tãlikai. Akwai na farko kifi. Kawai su ne kadan, game da biyar santimita. A teku halittun fara bayyana wuya inuwõyi. Wannan kuwa sabõda rayayyun kwayoyin halitta suka fara tashi sama da kasa sediments da kuma ciyar da sama da seabed. More kuma mafi akwai dabbobi da cewa ciyar a seawater. Wasu kungiyoyin na vertabrate sun samo asali, wasu sun fara kawai don ci gaba. A ƙarshen Ordovician bayyana vertebrate kwayoyin. Daga cikin echinoderm teku kumfa bayyana, teku Lily. A halin yanzu, irin kwayoyin kamar yadda teku furannin bi-rana da kuma teku taurari ma wanzu.

Saman teku furannin gudãna garken jellyfish - wannan shi ne wani kyakkyawan hoto na zamanin da. The masu suna ma ya fara nutsewa da rayuwar. Gastropods da elasmobranch wakilta wani babban yawan jinsunan. A Ordovician cephalopods chetyrehzhabernyh ci gaban auku - wani m wakilan Nautiloidea. Wadannan kwayoyin suna zaune a cikin zurfin tekun Indiya. Sinks tsoho wakilan wadannan rayayyun halittu sun mike, kamar yadda tsayayya wa mai lankwasa bawo na zamani nautilus jinsunan. Wadannan clams kasance predator salon.

New dabbobi a wannan lokaci sun graptolites. Su haifa ta hanyar dake tasowa. Graptolites halitta mazauna. A baya can, suka kira da coelenterates, yanzu - to krylozhabernym kwaro. A wannan lokaci, graptolites ba rayuwa ba, amma akwai su m dangi. Daya daga cikin su na zaune a Arewa Sea - shi ne Rhabdopleura normanni. Har ila yau, akwai wata ƙungiya daga kwayoyin da ke taimakawa wajen murjãni gina reefs. Sun kuma bayyana a wannan lokacin - shi bryozoans. Sun zama a yanzu, kamar wadannan kwayoyin a kan m yadin da aka saka sarƙaƙƙiya. Cewa, irin wannan ya faru aromorphoses Ordovician a rayayyun kwayoyin halitta.

The mazaunan tekuna

A sandstone a Colorado a ?? ake, jawless kifi da aka samu. Cirewa da sauran sharan na vertebrate halittu, kama da wani shark. Burbushin nuna cewa Ordovician jawless daban-daban daga yau jinsunan.

A farko dabbobi cewa yana da hakora - shi conodonts. Wadannan halittu suke da kama da kuraje. Su jaws ne daban-daban daga cikin muƙamuƙanka na halittu masu rai. Masana kimiyya sun kidaya ɗari shida jinsunan halittu masu rai da suka rayu a cikin tekuna a cikin sama lokaci. The sanyi karye shi ne daya daga cikin dalilan da nau'i nau'i. M tekuna sun zama a fili, da kuma dabbobin cikin teku ya mutu. A wannan sakamakon da aka gane kuma fauna daga wannan lokaci.

Dalilin da nau'i nau'i na dabba kwayoyin

Akwai da yawa versions na taro nau'i nau'i na dabba:

1. Fashe daga gamma haskoki a cikin hasken rana tsarin.
2. A fall na manyan jikuna daga sarari. Su da wani ɓaɓɓake, ko meteorites samu zuwa wannan rana.
3. A sakamakon samuwar dutsen tsarin. kankara suna weathered da iska da kuma a cikin ƙasa. A sakamakon wadannan matakai ne low a carbon, wanda rinjayar da Warming.
4. Motsi Gondwana ga Kudu iyakacin duniya ne suka kai ga sanyi karye, sa'an nan da kankara shekaru, a rage daga cikin ruwa matakin a cikin tekuna.
5. Jikewa na duniya tekuna karafa. Karatu plankton cewa lokaci ya ƙunshi dagagge matakan da dama karafa. Ruwa guba faru karafa.

Wanne daga cikin wadannan versions ze sahihi, da kuma dalilin da ya sa dadaddun dabbobi Ordovician, a halin yanzu ba a san.