Pointillism zanen: tarihi, bayanin irin hanya. Mafi shahara wakilan pointillism

19th da kuma 20th karni ya arziki a cikin sabuwar kwatance a art. Artists gudanar da wani gwaji da yawa, neman sabon siffofin magana da yiwuwa. A sakamakon wadannan bincike zo pointillism a zanen. Gaya mana abin da shi ne ta bayani dalla-dalla, wanda ƙirƙira shi, kuma wanda musamman bambanta kansa a cikin wannan salon.

Ma'ana

Sunan "Pointillism" style aka samu daga Faransa kalmar "aya". Daga wannan kalma akwai, misali, sunan rawa takalma - rawa takalma. Sunan ake dangantawa da fasali na hoto art. Pointillism zanen haka za a iya sanya a matsayin "ma'ana" style.

History of pointillism

A cikin marigayi 19th karni, Faransa artists sun aiki da bincike a fagen ka'idar, kimiyyar lissafi da kuma tunani na launi. Suna so ne su sami kayan aiki da zai ba da damar cikakkiyar har marubucin don isar da nufi da kuma wani tunanin sako ga viewer. Chemical ka'idar launi Eugene Chevreul a kan juna rinjayar launi daban-daban a kan juna da kuma jiki ka'idar Ogden Ore hadawa launuka ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa sabon abubuwan da nema. Har ila yau a wannan lokaci shi ne wani babban shawara game da ilimin halin dan Adam na launi, symbolism da kuma tasirin da take da a kan Psycho-wani tunanin Jihar wani mutum. Dukan waɗannan kimiyya karatu sun kai ga cewa artists fara daukar wani sabon tsarin kula da zanen dabara. A wannan lokaci, da Impressionists sun aiki da bincike da dama ga riwayar haske da launi da kuma jiki na ruwa. Sun nemi su kai wani yanzu-yanzu, m ji motsi na halitta abubuwa. Gargajiya dabara bai ba su wannan damar. A sakamakon bincike da kuma experimentation a 1885 bayyana pointillism a zanen. Mene ne peculiarity wannan salon?

Hanyar da dabara na pointillism a zanen

Riga da style sunan kansa yayi magana game da peculiarities na iri da rubuce-rubuce. The artist rubuta kananan square shanyewar jiki. A motsi da ya goga yayi kama da kadan flutter na malam, wanda shi ne kawai don wani lokaci, kuma ya zo da zane sake tsãge ta daga gare shi. Amma jigon da hanyar ne ba kawai na musamman da aikace-aikacen da Paint Layer a kan surface na yanar gizo. The search for wani musamman tasiri a kan viewer damar haifar da pointillism a zanen. Yadda za a zana, don isar da kyau na halitta da kuma lokacin na ji daga lokacin da cewa artist dandana? Wannan shi ne babban tambaya cewa tambayi kanka painters a cikin marigayi 19th da kuma farkon karni na 20th. Faransa artists a ƙarƙashin rinjayar binciken kimiyya da ka'idar haske da launi, kazalika da samu daukar hoto, wanda aka rubuta lokacin zama, ya fara gwaji da ake ji Paint da zane. Kuma pointillism ya daya daga cikin bambance-bambancen karatu da sabon fasaha. Paint a cikin wannan salon ba gauraye a kan palette, kamar yadda shi ne al'ada a na gargajiya zanen, kuma Ya lazimta a cikin na asali hanyar kananan shanyewar jiki. Kuma akwai ko da yaushe zamani bambanci, bisa ga launi palette range, sautin. Red superimposed gaba da kore, rawaya - tare da blue, da dai sauransu. Wannan ya sa ido don gane da wani rai ji na iska da haske ... Lokacin da ji na zanen da mutum ido kanta samar da wani cakuda launuka, kafin su sami wani Multi-launi aiki. pointillism dabara ne sosai rikitarwa da kuma laborious. Yana da kama a cikin ado da kuma haduwar wani mosaic. Amma artists ba tsoron bambamce da irin wannan girma na aikin, kamar yadda shi damar zuwa warware m aiki.

magabatan

A 1885, wani sabon salon na zanen - pointillism, haihuwarsa ake dangantawa da farko da sunan Faransa artist Georges Seurat. Ya ya tãɓe a cikin gargajiya irin zanen da kokarin samun kansa style. Domin wannan, ya rayayye karatu kimiyya ayyuka a launi ka'idar. Yana da aka ƙwarai rinjayi da aka ambata riga aiki a kimiyyar lissafi da kuma sunadarai, kazalika da gudanar da bincike a kan launuka na Charles Blanc. Sulfur resolutely ƙi impressionistic tsarin kula da zanen dangane da wani nan take abin mamaki. Ya yi imani da cewa artist kamata zo daga binciken kimiyya. Mahalicci, a cikin ra'ayi, ya kamata ba dõgara a kan wahayi ko a yanzu-yanzu abin mamaki, amma dole ne kowane mataki a hankali lasafta daga psychophysiological da kuma ta jiki da ilmi ba. Binciken da a filin daga launi kimiyya, da farko tsara a cikin artist hromolyuminarizma ka'idar, kuma daga baya wajaba wani sabon m - divisionism ko pointillism. A 1884-86 shekaru ya rubuta wata babbar zane, wanda daga baya ya zama sosai sanannen - "Lahadi Afternoon a kan Island na Grand bera". Its size - biyu zuwa uku mita, aka tsara domin ganewa na nesa. A aikin da ya zama wani classic na pointillism. Abin baƙin ciki Sulfur ya ba da lokaci zuwa cikakken ci gaba da ra'ayinsa kawo shi zuwa aiki, da ya mutu a wani matasa shekaru, da kuma a nan gaba shugabanci an haɗa da sunan ya almajiri, tsohon impressionist Paul Signac.

Pointillist artists

Yana Signac kawo ka'idar da cikakkar kuma shaida wa duniya cewa a pointillism zanen. Pictures, reproductions na ayyukan da ya yi ya bayyana a mujallu da katunan gaisuwa, domin sun kasance sosai na ado da kuma sabon abu. Signac ba kawai ya rubuta a cikin canvases pointillism kai har zuwa kammala, amma kuma halicci wani tsanani msar tambayar aiki "Daga Ezhena Delakrua zuwa Neo-Impressionism", wanda ya zama wani irin littafi domin wannan yanki artists. A artist da farko tsunduma a rubuce-rubuce na shimfidar da dot fasahar damar da shi don cimma wuce yarda da yanayi da kuma airiness. Signac kuma gwaji a cikin jadawalin kuma a cikin baki-da-fari zanen. Success da kuma sabon abu sakamako da ayyuka a pointillism style ja hankalin wasu fitattun painters. The Dot gyara aiki a karshen rayuwar Camille Pissarro, kokarin hannunsa a wannan dabara, V. Van Gogh. Famous pointillist karfe Angran S., M. Luce, T. van Reysselberge A. Lodge, AE Cross. Wannan salon ya ba rasa ta munasaba da wannan rana. Amma irin wannan taro pointillism kamar yadda a nuna na 19th kuma 20th ƙarni sun tafi. Mafi shahara zamani pointillist dauke Benjamin Laading da Miguel Endara.

Aiki a cikin style of Pointillism

Classic pointillism a zanen wakilta ayyukan Georges Seurat, "Circus," "jiragen ruwa a bahar", "Bathers a Asnieres" da kuma Paul Signac: "Harbor a Marseilles," "Breakfast", "Venice, da m girgije." Kazalika da gwaji aiki Van Goga "The Shuka da faduwar rana" Henri Matisse "aku tulips," Camille Pissarro zane-zane "Hampton", "Haymaking a Eragny," "Yara a tsakar gida na Estate." Yau, da aiki a wannan dabara - Masterpieces farauta da gidajen tarihi da kuma haraji. Bayan duk, wadannan kadan zane-zane, kuma sũ, a gaskiya rarity.