"Tsargi 279". "Tsargi 279" - wani Soviet matukin supertank: description

Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, da makamai tseren ya fara. Tuni a Agusta 1945 kika aika na farko nukiliya bam. A radiation jahannama ƙone mazaunan Hiroshima da kuma Nagasaki, kuma superpowers fara aiki ci gaba da kuma samar da makaman nukiliya da kuma kariya daga gare shi. Mene ne ayyuka sa kafin designers, da kimiyya, da masana za mu iya kawai tsammani, amma wasu daga cikin ayyukan samu a total daraja. A wasu irin bama-bamai, aikin injiniya, magani ya koya daga jaridu na fragmentary bayanai.

sabon makamai

Makaman nukiliya ne a manyan yawan tareda žata abubuwan, musamman ga shi a cikin tsakiyar karni XX aka ba. Bugu da kari ga fashewa da babban yanayin zafi cewa tashi a tsakiyar da kuma canza da karfe a cikin ruwa shi ne har yanzu wani harin bom, wanda hits gida da kuma juya duk wani dabara, radiation konewa da idanu masu rai, electromagnetic bugun jini ƙone fita lantarki, da kuma iya shiga radiation gama kashe duk abin da yake da rai ko shekaru masu yawa daga baya.

Babu garu bunkers ko karfe gami ko multimeter duniya strata iya ba dogara kare da sakamakon da irin wannan yajin aiki.

Tankuna ne ba kawai ba ji tsoro daga datti

Tank - wani sulke inji tare da crawler sarkar, yana da wani ƙungiya daga 5 zuwa 3 mutane. Good nasara da rashin hanyoyi, yana da makamai don ya hallakar da kayan da manpower. Kamar yadda aka nuna da farko gwaje-gwaje, wannan irin fasahar (musamman idan ta kasance wani nauyi tank) ne mafi resistant zuwa makaman nukiliya fashewa. A kauri da nauyi da makamai za su iya jure tsãwa kalaman, partially kare daga electromagnetic bugun jini da kuma radiation. The ƙungiya samu isasshen rayuwa lokaci ga wani fama manufa. Yana sauti m, amma a yaki da aikin sa ne sau da yawa mai daraja a sama rayuwar dan Adam.

Number 279. The abu da kuma ta tarihi

A Tarayyar Soviet, shi kuwa yana da ban sha'awa ga ci gaban soja kayan aiki, ma'aikatar ta bayar da zama dole yi halaye, da kuma zanen da ruxani a kan wannan aiki. A shekarar 1956, wannan labari na Tarayyar Soviet ma'aikatar tsaron yi TTX zuwa wani sabon tanki. Frames da aka gitta su a taro na 50-60 ton da tara makamai a 130 mm igwa. Saitin samu zane hukumar na Leningrad Kirov Shuka kuma Chelyabinsk tarakta. Duk da yake nauyi Soviet tankuna da aka wakilta da wadannan line: EC-2, EC-3, EC-4, T-10. Babu wani daga cikinsu ba ya sadu da bukatun na lokaci. Tankuna ga hamayya da NATO akwai kome ba. Kawai T-10 (bayan gyara da T-10M) ya zama na kirki kishiya ga American M103 da Birtaniya "Tanƙwasa". Sane da dama ayyukan da lokaci, kamar "tsargi 770", "tsargi 279", "tsargi 277".

Ba kamar sauran fafatawa a gasa, a cikin wurin da babban nauyi tank, "Object 279" shi ne gaba daya sabon shiri, maimakon refining da kuma inganta tsohon su. LS Trojans daga Birnin Leningrad, ofishin ya jagoranci aikin a kan aikin 279. The abu da aka tsara domin gudanar da ayyukan fama da wuya ƙasa da kuma yin amfani da makaman nukiliya.

Bayani dalla-dalla "tsargi 279"

Tank "tsargi 279" yana da wani misali layout da 11.5 cu. m karkashin makamai da kuma matukan jirgin na 4 members. Makamai domin ta lokaci shi ne mafi m, kuma ba ya karya ko da a kusa da iyaka. A frontal makamai ya 192 mm, ya nẽmi dawwama a 60 darajõji, kuma Tuck yana da wani kwana na 45 digiri, ta haka ne da rage kauri da makamai kai rabin mita. The gidaje kunshi hudu m sassa, jefa karfe hasumiya, a yammancin duniya, flattened, makamai bel da wani uniform, rage kauri kai 800 mm. Shi ne mai rikodin matakin na kariya ba tare da hada booking.

Amfani da makamai da rifled igwa tsaya 130-mm M-65 da kuma guda biyu tare da shi KPVT. M-65 da aka tsaga muzzle birki ejector hurawa ganga tare da matsa iska. A makamai sokin Tracer dako bar wani makami da gudu daga 1000 m / s muzzle makamashi na fiye da 1.5 sau yanzu 120-125-mm smoothbore gun, shi sosai shi ne wani Soviet matukin supertank. "Tsargi 279" kuma yana da wani cassette-loading Semi-atomatik, wanda ya zo da kudi har zuwa 5-7 akai-akai da minti. Abin baƙin ciki, sarari ga harsasai ne low: kawai ga 24 akai-akai da kuma 300 akai-akai na ammonium ga na'ura gun.

A tsarin na tunani da kuma wuta iko, kazalika da yadda ya saba gani, kuma dare kasance mafi cikakken a samar da inji suna kawai ya bayyana a cikin marigayi 60s.

Tã tank a kan babbar hanya ɓullo da wani gudun 50-55 km / h, kuma da fuska ya 250-300 km. Shasi da babu analogues. Maimakon biyu caterpillars wannan tank da hudu rollers rarraba a irin wannan hanyar da kusan babu yarda, da taro na goyon bayan yanki ne don haka kananan cewa da yiwuwar saukowa a ƙasa ne mãsu fakowa ba.

Bugu da kari ga makamai, da makamai, da kuma engine tank da mafi kyau kariya daga radiation, sinadaran da nazarin halittu hadura. Akwai kuma wuta-extinguishing tsarin da kuma kayan aiki termodymovaya.

Gwaje-gwaje "tsargi 279"

A shekarar 1959, cikin tanki gwaje-gwaje da aka gudanar a karkashin Lambar 279. The abu tabbatar da ba hanya mafi kyau. shortcomings a shasi da aka gano. Motar da aka kasãla, rabon saukad da sharply a jituwa tsakanin kasa. Gyara da kuma kula da irin wannan kayan aiki ne mai wahala. Ya zama a sarari cewa "tsargi 279" ba za ta yi aiki a cikin jerin, shi ne mafi tsada da kuma unaffordable aikin. Ga wurin da ya dauki "tsargi 277" ko "tsargi 770".

A karshen ci gaban nauyi tankuna sa N. S. Hruschev, a lokacin da, bayan da zanga-zanga na soja da kayan aiki a 1960 haramta da liyafar cikin sabis tankuna ne mutum fiye da 37 ton. Amma, saboda wannan, sai bayyanar da T-80U gwaji supertank "tsargi 279" ya fi iko a duniya. Yanzu kadai sauran kwafin tsaye a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya sulke da motocin a Kubinka.

yaki dabarun

Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, da dabara ta fada da janar dabarun yaki ƙwarai canja. Ya zama a sarari cewa zamani ci gaba da kufaifan karya ta tsaro na da kyau-da shirya kai kawai mai yawa jini. A tarihin Soviet tankuna da makamai a fili shi nuna. Tarayyar Soviet da dama sapper Runduna, wanda a cikin wani gajeren lokaci juya wani ƙasar a yankin m. A daukan hankali misali ya Leningrad. Kawai Brusilov nasara na tarihi tsaye a waje domin ta dace da kuma gwada da kananan hasarori. Soviet sojojin a Finland mamakin kowa da kowa, a nauyi weather, a lokacin da snow bankuna sama da kai, a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara fadama, da sanyi haka da cewa abinci ya jũya zuwa ga dutse, suka har yanzu aka guga man tsaron gida. Bayan wadannan abubuwan, da karya da kufaifan aka kaddamar da samar da musamman kankare-sokin bawo.

Zuwan makaman nukiliya ya canza dabara. Tunani ya fara bayyana, ba lallai ba ne karya ta tsaro kayan aiki ko manpower. A wuri na cincirindo na m Tsarin fashe makaman nukiliya na'urar a cikin sakamakon nasara kara dakaru zuwa wajen sinadaran kariya. Supertank "tsargi 279" a zarafi Fit ga wannan manufar. A dabaru sarari, amma a wancan lokaci kasar ba su da isasshen kwarewa a tafiyad da makamashin nukiliya.

nukiliya gwaje-gwaje

Nukiliya gwaji fara da sake saiti States bama-bamai a kan Hiroshima da kuma Nagasaki. Amurka ta nuna da ƙarfi kuma kalubale. Tarayyar Soviet ba zai iya taimaka amma amsa. Bayan da yaki ya kafa wata yawan cibiyoyin tafiyad da halittar wani nukiliya bam. Babban ya I. V. Kurchatov a cikin wannan al'amari. Yana da aka yi masa godiya da cewa Tarayyar Soviet ya nukiliya garkuwa da wani ɓullo da ababen more rayuwa ga yin amfani da makamashin nukiliya. Amurka ta daina zama shugaban a kan wannan batu, da kuma mai yiwu uku duniya yaki akwai kawai wani sanyi.

Totskiy landfill

Zai yiwu mafi m makaman nukiliya gwaji a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da aka za'ayi a kan Totsky kewayon Satumba 14, 1954 A farkon 50 ta, Amurka a cikin shakka na atisayen sojin da ta gudanar da gwajin makaman nukiliya, da kuma siyasa jam'iyya jagoranci yanke shawarar bi su misali. Watakila ma sa'an nan ya na da wani ra'ayin game da wani Soviet matukin supertank. "Tsargi 279" - daya kawai da muka sani na.

Da farko, da masana kimiyya suna faruwa da suke ciyarwa a Kapustin Yar, amma Totskiy aminci sigogi da aka mafi girma. A koyarwar da aka mai suna "Snowball" kuma kai su Marshal Georgy Zhukov. A cikin bazara ya fara wani babban-sikelin shirye-shirye domin su, da kuma hada da fitarwa na mazauna kauyuka.

A cikin koyarwar zo kallo daga kasashe daban-daban da kuma daga kungiyar tarayyar shugabanni yaki Rokossovsky, Malinovsky, Konev, Baghramyan, Vasilevsky, Tymoshenko, Budyonny, Voroshilov. Shi ma Ministan Tsaro Bulganin kuma, ba shakka, na farko sakataren CPSU, Nikita Khrushchev.

A landfill aka gina shi a dukan birnin a cikin daban-daban da maki bar live dabbobi zuwa gare su sa'an nan koyi game da sakamakon wani nukiliya fashewa. Tir da harsunansu ce cewa akwai fursunoni hukuncin kisa. Around wani makeshift gari located m fortifications, kuma su kan iyakar da sojojin da aka jiran a fuka-fuki.

Matukan jirgi kika aika bama-bamai, sun samu lambobin yabo da kuma farkon sunayen sarauta. Abin da awaited da sojoji? Bayan fashewa, da sojojin da suka garzaya da abin ya shafa yankin. A wancan lokaci, sai aka dauke da babban factor shafi na buga kalaman, da kuma musamman radiation kariya ba a cikin mutane.

A landfill akwai duk wani nau'i na ƙasa motocin: kaya, manyan bindigogi, inji tabbatarwa da kuma, ba shakka, da Soviet tankuna. 45 dubu. Sojoji kuma halarci. Mafi yawa daga cikinsu ya mutu a gaba 10-15 shekaru. A cikin koyarwar aza tallace kamar yadda "top asiri". By 2004, daga cikin mahalarta a cikin Orenburg yankin tsira 378 mutane.

A lokacin da bada iska canza ta shugabanci da kuma kawo wani girgije a cikin shugabanci na gari. Fallasa su radiation a sãɓãwar launukansa digiri halartar bakwai mazauna Orenburg yankin. Mene ne abubuwan da wannan ne yake aikata a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, za mu iya kawai tsammani, amma gwajin ba ya hana, da kuma bayan wani shekara daya da rabi samu wani domin wani sabon tank - "tsargi 279".

Unrealized ayyukan

Abin baƙin ciki, da m tanki "tsargi 279" kawai shi ne aikin da gidan kayan gargajiya nuna. A general, da yawa daga cikin wadannan ayyukan. Famous wasan Duniya na Tankuna ya sanya da yawa daga cikinsu suna da kyau a san. Ga misali, da Jamusanci Maus, da heaviest tank na yakin duniya na biyu. biyu lokutta, ba halarci fadace-fadace, da kuma ya iya samun kashe ƙasa, kawai daya daga cikinsu da aka halitta. Yanzu da Rasha Museum da daraja Maus, taru daga sassa Fit biyu tankuna.

Irin wannan ayyukan kama da tunanin, su ne sosai m, a take hakkin yarda ka'idodin ba, amma wani babban kudin, ko kuma kawai ba viability na na'ura anga su a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya zama. Duk da haka, aikin da suka gudanar da wani, bisa su haifar da sabon da mafi alhẽri wani zaɓi.

A mãkirci ga postapokalipsisa

A cikin sanannun da kuma wanda ya riga ya zama na duniya jerin littattafan "Metro 2033" gaban daban-daban kayan aikin soji, "Tigers", "Wolves", da T-95, BTR-82 kuma har ma da na'ura goyon bayan 'Terminator' tankuna. Supertank "Object-279" optimally daidai a cikin sharudda postapokalipsichesky duniya, ya na da musamman permeability da radiation kariya tsarin. Abin sani kawai wani al'amari lokaci, na marubuta wanda sun hada da a cikin labarin irin zest, kuma a gaskiya "Object 279" kawai daya.

zamani da fasaha

Modern fama motocin a kan wani m-akai suna kare daga radiation da kuma sinadaran daukan hotuna. Idan babu tace, da ƙaramar bayar sealing cikin gida. Cikakken kariya zai tãyar da dama sau da kudin da kayan aiki. Kowa da kowa fahimci cewa gas masks, Allunan antirada, UGC, thicker makamai da kuma sealing salon a real fama da yanayi ne kawai tsawanta da rayuwa da matukan jirgin, amma za su boye daga sakamakon. Amma a lokacin da a baya Rasha kuma babu inda koma baya, da kuma cewa ya isa.