Tumatir diraya F1: reviews da hotuna, description, dasa da kuma kula

Na mutane da yawa iri-iri, da kuma matasan tumatir growers miƙa yau, ba shi yiwuwa a gano a fili da kungiyar daga cikin mafi kyau, saboda fifiko na daban-daban manoma bisa daban-daban kimantawa sharudda, da kuma yanayin fasali na yankuna a cikin namo tumatir ne sosai daban-daban. Duk da haka, magana game da m matasan diraya F1. Aikin gona kamfanin "Gavrish" ta miƙa wannan tumatir, sakawa shi a kasuwa kamar yadda sosai resistant zuwa cututtuka da kuma fatattaka carpal tumatir tare da high iyawa. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin na farko hybrids na cikin gida da kiwo, da wanda 'ya'yan itãcen nunarsa a lokaci guda kuma samar da wata damar tattara da goge.

Tumatir diraya F1: Description

The fasali na tumatir samfurin ne m fihirisa kyau taso da kuma m siffar da tayin, m yawan aiki, da kuma ma kyau kwarai storability kan dogon lokaci na ajiya.

Diraya Tomato F1 - irin tsakiyar-ripening tare da Unlimited girma daga cikin harbe, da ake kira indeterminate vegetative irin. Kai mai tsawo na mita 2 daji rufe da lafiya kore bar wani Matte, ya dubi quite ban sha'awa da kuma an girma, yafi a greenhouses, ba tare da bukata hadaddun kula. Godiya ga matasan asalin da tumatir yana da matukar high juriya zuwa iri-iri na tumatir annoba, kamar Fusarium, Cladosporium, wani virus na taba mosaic da kuma sauran matsaloli.

Ripening yana farawa bayan 100-115 kwanaki daga germination na seedlings. Simple biyu mai gefe inflorescences aza haka: na farko - a kan tara leaf, da sauran - kowane uku su bi. Inflorescence kunshi 6-8 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, fastening a takaice axis da karfi sosai, iya maturing don kiyaye da nauyin da goga. A fasalin da tumatir ne mai matukar ban sha'awa amfanin ƙasa - da murabba'in mita za a iya tattara daga 25 zuwa 32 kg na mai haske ja 'ya'yan m santsi zagaye siffar. Sun cancanta na raba tattaunawa: nawa matasan iri F1 diraya ba kusan guda nauyi da kuma ripening tumatir a hannun. Weight tumatir dabam daga 90 zuwa 110 grams. Santsi, rovnenky ba tare da bayyane ribbing 'ya'yan itacen yana 3-4 iri da bẽnãye, shahara ga da kyau dandano, daidai adana da kuma hawa.

seedling namo: gona shiri

Ganin cewa mafi yawan Rasha yankuna ba zai iya gadara da dumi sauyin yanayi, da kuma tumatir - kudancin al'ada, bada cikakken girbi na musamman a cikin wani dadi yanayi, shi ne mafi kyau duka namo tumatir a greenhouses. Kuma wanda ya isa ya fara tare da dasa tsaba for seedlings.

Potted da jimawa growers maye gurbinsu yarwa kwantena, wanda lalle ne, haƙĩƙa rage hadarin kamuwa da cuta daga cikin seedlings, da yiwuwar wanda yana kiyaye tare da maimaita yin amfani. Amma sabon damar dole ne a disinfected kafin kwanciya a kasa. A mafi dace tsawo domin seedling kwantena - 6-8 cm.

A kasar gona domin dasa za a iya saya a kantin sayar da ga lambu ko dafa kanka, daidai hada humus da peat ƙasa da sod. A guga shirya cakuda da aka kara 1 kg na manyan kogin yashi, 100 g na itace ash kuma 30 g superphosphate. Add taki shirye kasa ba bukatar, sun gabatar da wani cikakken kewayon muhimman abubuwan gina jiki.

Diraya F1 seeded tumatir seedlings a watan Fabrairu da Maris. Samar da wani takamaiman timeframe amfanin gona mai yiwuwa ba ne saboda da sararin har na kasa, to wannan a kowane yankin growers amfani da nasu tara kwarewa, shan la'akari gida yanayi. A shirye ganga seedlings yafa masa ƙasa, tamped shi, tun dasa da tsaba kada ta kasance a cikin wani iska aljihu - shi zai negate duk yunkurin da suka yi ba zai germinate.

shirye-shiryen da tsaba

Idan sayi tsaba, seedbed shiri ne riga ya wuce, abin da dole ne a nuna a kan kunshin, babu wani ƙarin aiki ne da za'ayi ba lallai ba ne su. A al'ada tsaba sun etched da kuma ta kara ingantaccen girma. Ko da yake tumatir diraya F1 ( «Gavrish") ne sosai resistant zuwa cututtuka, pre-jiyya da ya bukatar, kazalika da yawa da sauran iri da kuma hybrids.

Yana nufin taimaka disinfect tsaba "fitosporin-M" bayani a cikin abin da suka kasance sunã musu baftisma domin 20-25 minti. A zamani biostimulants kamar "Appin" ko "Zircon", zai kare tsaba da kuma tashe su. Su kunna gudun hijira na ilimi, tallafawa rigakafi da kuma tsarin neutralized da m shuka danniya jihar a sanyi snaps, bushewa da kuma sauran matsaloli. All solutions ya kamata a shirya a daidai da umarnin kawota tare da kwayoyi. Seed soaking lokaci a cikin bayani kamar gyara a kan tushen da bayanai a cikin umarnin.

dasa seedlings

A haka shirya tsaba sa a GROOVES recessed 1-1.5 cm, zuba dumi rauni bayani na sodium humate da kuma shãfe haske. Seedlings ganga sanya shi a cikin wani haske wuri tare da dakin iska zazzabi ba kasa da 22-24? C. Don ƙirƙirar mafi dadi yanayi na germination na seedlings, ganga saman murfin tare da gilashi, ko fim. Microclimate da ya auku a cikin kwantena da seedlings, sprouts zai kare da kuma damar da su zuwa da sauri zama da karfi seedlings.

Tare da dama jerin ayyuka da kuma high quality-iri germination auku a cikin na uku zuwa na biyar rana. Da zarar wannan ya faru, cire murfin daga akwatin. Yanzu yana da muhimmanci ba don cika shuka. Wannan kuskure sau da yawa sa novice lambu, da kuma wannan gubar ga mutuwar seedlings, tun da wuce haddi danshi yin amfani da naman gwari da cewa yana sa blackleg da kuma ko da yaushe suna located a cikin ƙasa. Irin cututtuka halakarwa ko da wani karfi seedlings. A dakin da zazzabi dole ne a kiyaye a cikin wannan matakin, wanda aka kiyaye a lokacin da germination na tsaba.

A mataki na gaba shi ne namo na seedlings nutse samu karfi, halin da lokaci daya germination da kyau kwarai rayuwa kudi, wanda shi ne domin ta shahara tumatir diraya F1. Reviews ilmi lambu sunyi baki daya wannan matasan tumatir tsiro da sauri da kuma bunƙasa.

Nutse tumatir seedlings

Wannan aiki ne da za'ayi a lokacin da seedlings tsiro uku zuwa hudu gaskiya ganye. Wannan adadi ne isa ya daidai jam fledgling kunno kai tushen tsarin. Saboda haka cewa tsarin gudanar smoothly, kowane seedling ya kamata a sanya a cikin wani daban tukunya, tun tasowa tushen na bukatar karin sarari. Dabaru amfani ga dashi seedlings, mai sauki, amma ya yi duk abin da hankali, ba tareda žata m asalinsu. Daga cikin capacitance m cirewa tare da seedlings da shuka, zai fi dacewa tare da wani clod na duniya, transplanted a tukwane, kuma mafi iya aiki. Su diamita dole ba fi 8-10 cm, da kuma wani tsawo na 10-12 cm da aka dauke su mafi kyau duka. Wannan girma zai zama isa seedlings to girma karfi, amma ba su ci gaba har dasa a cikin greenhouse. Yi ya nuna cewa tumatir diraya F1 (reviews lambu tabbatar) tolerates nutse.

A wani raba ganga seedlings kada ta kasance fiye 50-55 kwanaki, da tsawo na da kyau-raya seedlings zuwa lokaci kai 30-35 cm. Duk ta lokaci a gida, kana bukatar ka tabbatar da cewa shi ba a miƙa. Wannan na taimaka wa ganiya zafin jiki da kuma yanayin haske. Wajibi ne a kunna kullum kwantena tare da seedlings da taga, idan seedlings rashin haske. 10 days kafin habarta dasa seedlings a cikin greenhouse shuke-shuke dole ne zafin: yi da shi a cikin baranda ko bude windows da dare.

Cooking greenhouse

Don samar da karin ta'aziyya na girma matasa shuke-shuke bukatar wani ingantaccen aiki kamar yadda kasan a greenhouse, kuma da zuciyar rabo daga greenhouse. A yankuna daban-daban daban-daban sharuddan transplanting a cikin greenhouse, amma suka saba Range daga farkon zuwa karshen watan Mayu. Saboda haka, idan greenhouse rufe film, da kuma sanyi spring, shi yana iya yi sa biyu yadudduka na fim ko yin amfani da wani mutum (karfafa). Amfani da biyu shafi fim da nagarta sosai saboda airbag, babu makawa taso tsakanin yadudduka, ba kawai ƙara da yawan zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse, amma kuma ya kara da aiki damar ciki Layer.

A kowane gefe na greenhouse ya zama vents for kyau samun iska. Don kauce wa samu na seedlings, shi ne shawarar cire saman Layer na kasar gona a bara (7-10 cm). Sauran gona da aka bi da wani bayani na jan karfe sulfate a cikin wani rabo na 30 grams da guga na ruwa. A wannan dole ne a fuskanci disinfection, kuma dukkan sassa na da firam greenhouses, itace ko karfe. Rama domin asarar ƙasa humus zama dole.

Gogaggen lambu bada shawara da canza dasa kayan lambu a cikin greenhouses shekara. Amma idan wannan ba zai yiwu, yanzu Hanyar tsaftacewa da haihuwa gona da kuma ta maye tare da humus ne yarda da kuma ba za ta rage shirya girbi. Tumatur, musamman tumatir diraya da F1, namo wanda ba ya unsa musamman kalubale, ja daga ƙasa matsakaicin na amfani da abubuwa, da kuma maye daga cikin manya Layer tare da bullo da wani cikakken kewayo na zama dole alama abubuwa - mai kyau wani zaɓi don samun wani high yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Gona da magani ne da za'ayi akalla kwanaki 10 kafin transplanting. A kasar gona wajibi ne don sassauta, cire weeds da kuma bayyana wani ɓaɓɓake daga tsohon asalinsu. Humus aka gabatar a wani adadin na 8-10 kg da murabba'in mita, kuma ba ya cutar da gilashin itace ash (a kan wannan yankin). Ganiya ƙasa iri for girma tumatir a cikin greenhouse ne breathable baƙin yumɓu ko supeschaniki.

transplanting Features

Diraya F1 - tumatir, lambu reviews waxanda suke da matukar ban sha'awa, amma kafin dasa matasa shuke-shuke bukatar tabbatar da 'yan abubuwan da ake bukata:

• Dasa tumatir a cikin greenhouse ne da za'ayi a cikin wani hadari rana ko da yamma.
• pre-moistened ƙasa, a ban ruwa da ruwa za a iya kara a 'yan hatsi da manganese.
• kafin dasa shuki da seedling ya kamata a duba a hankali, cire cotyledonary farko, yellowed ko da waxannan cututtukan ganye.
• ƙasa a cikin greenhouse kamata a mai tsanani a cikin sanyi ƙasa shuka tumatir ne ba zai yiwu ba, kamar yadda da tushen da seedling kawai zagniyut da kuma shafe tsawon sanyi karfafa aiwatar da shuka a cikin mafi kyau idan za a yi wani dogon lokaci zuwa sama tushen, kuma a mafi mũnin - halaka.

A kasar gona zazzabi a dasa seedlings ya zama kasa 12-15 ° C. Zafi da ƙasa na iya zama artificially ta rufe ƙasa baki polyethylene fim. Af, shi zai taka rawar da ciyawa zai hana sako girma, za su kula da wani mafi kyau duka zazzabi yanayin da ruwa musayar fiye da rage manoman kula.

Tumatir diraya F1 (gogaggen lambu reviews tabbatar da wannan) bã Ya son karfi shigar azzakari cikin farji a dasa, kamar yadda wannan zai dakatar da ci gaban - yafa masa ƙasa, da kara da aka kunna ga samuwar sabuwar Tushen a kudi na ci gaba da kara. Akwai hadari na overdoing shi tare da gabatarwar nitrogen da takin mai magani, wadda sa haddi foliage luxuriant girma da kuma babu ovaries da 'ya'yan itãce. Sau da yawa novice lambu takin dasa ramukan da sabo taki, kaza taki ko urea. Shin, shi tantama ba zai yiwu ba.

Diraya F1: aikin gona kamfanin "Gavrish". Reviews na saukowa

Shuka tumatir a greenhouses kawai idan ka san duk peculiarities na noma. Yawanci, da gadaje, a wani greenhouse uku mita widths ne fractional fashewa. Shirya ridges 2 tare da wani sashi tsakanin su na 50-60 cm Product agrofirm "Gavrysh" -. Tall da ƙwazo shuka. Saboda haka, da nisa tsakanin bushes a kan saukowa kada ta kasance kasa da 50 cm.

Mafi qarancin jerawa tsakanin layuka tumatir kuma kada ta kasance kasa da 60 cm. Bushes a dasa a layuka a kurege don ba da damar sauki damar zuwa kowace shuka tsirarwa. Yawanci a wani greenhouse zuwa 6 mita tsawo da kuma 3 kamu bushes dasa 46-48 tumatir gadaje biyu a jeri biyu a kan kowane. Wannan shi ne matsakaicin adadin. Tare da wannan dasa makirci za a iya optimally amfani a cikin greenhouse kuma su hana thickening, wanda barnatar da rinjayar da cin gaban wani al'ada, haddasa wani rashin haske, wahala a Tuddan, kuma, kamar yadda wani sakamako, yaduwar cututtuka. A wannan bukatun ana sa a gaba da kuma tumatir diraya F1. Dasa da kuma kula ba wuya, amma kana bukatar ka bi wasu sharudda.

Tumatir a wani greenhouse

Dace kula da shuke-shuke a cikin greenhouse - jingina da nan gaba amfanin gona, shi ya fara da zaran seedlings ana shuka a wani greenhouse. Lissafa abubuwan da ainihin matakai na kula da irin wannan shuka ne tumatir diraya F1. Reviews lambu wanda girma na farko shekara wannan matasan, shubuha a kayyade wadannan matakai:

• A farkon kwanaki bayan dasa, da tsire-tsire ba sa bukatar watering. Yawancin lokaci jiran 10 days. A wannan lokaci, tumatir dauki tushen, sa'an nan cimma watering.
• Da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa das hi don bayi kada ta kasance m fiye 20-22 ° C.
• Kafin flowering diraya F1 shayar kowane 4-5 days. Ruwa amfani kudi da shuka - 1.5 lita.
• A lokacin flowering watering ne ta ƙara zuwa 4-5 lita 1 daji.
• Watering shrubs ya kamata a tushen, shi ne mafi alhẽri a yi shi da safe kamar yadda yamma waterings inganta samuwar condensate, wanda shi ne wani shafi film dama a kan tumatir.
• Don kula da ganiya zafin jiki da kuma zafi. A mafi dadi zafin jiki ne 25-28 ° C lokacin da rana da kuma 18-20 ° C da dare.
• Kada ka ji tsoro, watsa saukowa - tumatur sha'aninsu dabam to zayyana. A iska 2 hours bayan watering - wani da ake bukata kafun stimulating da 'ya'yan sa.

Garter da pasynkovanie

Tun diraya F1 - tumatir (lambu reviews tabbatar da wannan), tare da Unlimited girma daga tushe, shi ne m garter. Ku ciyar da shi a kan 3-7 kwanaki bayan transplanting. Wajibi ne a taimaka da shuke-shuke yin tsayayya da tsananin daga 'ya'yan zuba. Abu don garters bukatar zabi daya cewa ba zai cuta kara tumatir. Garter amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban, ciki har da tapestry - line ko firam.

Wani dole hanya - pasynkovanie wakiltar kau harbe sprouting daga axils na ganye. Wannan ya kamata a yi dole, saboda shi Forms tumatir a 1 ko 2 stalks, a hankali kallon ga samuwar sabuwar harbe da kuma cire su a dace hanya. Su samuwar kuma uncontrolled m girma zai rage 'ya'yan samuwar, kai zuwa thickening kuma zai rage maturation. Ya kamata a lura da cewa ba duk iri da kuma hybrids ne batun da karfi samuwar a kaikaice harbe, shi ne suna fadin in yawa tumatir. Wadannan azuzuwan ya shafi diraya tumatir F1. Aikin gona kamfanin "Gavrish" reviews na hybrids wanda jaddada low girma stepchildren, yayi amfani da wani yawan irin tumatir. Cire suckers ya yi da hankali, za ka iya karya fita ko yanka su. Yana da kyau a gudanar da irin wannan aiki da safe.

ciyar

Kamar kowane tsayi shuka, tumatir bukatar lokaci-lokaci ciyar. Babu togiya da tumatir diraya F1. Dasa, daji rayuwa, kuma ta m cin dogara a kan daidai da m aikace-aikace na gina jiki zama dole ga shuke-shuke.

A farko ciyar bayan dasa ne da za'ayi bayan 10-15 days: a 10 lita na ruwa diluted da 30 grams nitrophosphate da kuma 0.5 lita na ruwa mullein. Norma ciyar a kan wani daji - 1 lita. Bayan kwanaki 10, da tumatir hadu sake, 10 lita na ruwa dumi dauki 30 grams na potassium sulfate taki da kuma "Haihuwa." A wannan taki za bukatar maimaita a makonni biyu.

Manne ga wadannan dubaru, shi ne mai sauki girma a cikin greenhouse tumatir diraya F1. Reviews da hotuna gabatar a wannan labarin da zai taimaka wajen bayyana musamman namo wannan m al'adu.