Features na tsarin epithelial nama. Faye hali na epithelial kyallen takarda

Kowane irin nama yana da wani jam'i na halayyar fasali. Sai suka kwanta a cikin halaye na tsari, wata sa na functionalities, asalin, da yanayi na karshe inji. Don fahince wadannan tsokoki na iya zama a kan da dama sharudda, amma ya fi kowa ayyukan morfofunktcionalnaja akidar. Irin wannan rarrabuwa na nama damar domin mafi kayatarwa da kuma dacewa da faye hali kowane irin. Dangane da morphological da kuma aikin siffofin rarrabe da wadannan iri nama: epithelial (sutura), musculoskeletal da kuma juyayi trophic tsoka.

Musamman tsarin epithelial nama: general morphological da kuma aikin da ãyõyinMu

Yana nufin da epithelium daga cikin rukuni na yadudduka, yadu rarraba a cikin jiki. Su na iya bambanta a asalin, watau wajen samar da daga ectoderm, mesodam ko indodem, da kuma cika daban-daban ayyuka.

A jerin kowa morphological da kuma aikin siffofin halayyar epithelial kyallen takarda:

1. Ya kunshi Kwayoyin kira epithelial Kwayoyin. Tsakanin su akwai dabara intermembrane rata a cikin abin da ba intercellular abu. Yana, bi da bi, yana nadmembranny hadaddun (glycocalyx). Shi ne ta hanyar da ya Kwayoyin shigar da dũkiyõyinsu, kuma ta hanyar da shi aka samu daga wannan cell.

2. Sel na epithelial nama ne sosai m, wanda ya haddasa samuwar yadudduka. Shi ne su gaban damar da nama don yi ta ayyuka. Hanyoyi na sel da juna na iya zama daban-daban: via desmosomes, rata ko kusa lambobi.

3. hada guda biyu da kuma epithelial kyallen takarda, wadda aka shirya daya sama da sauran, ya raba muhimmi membrane kunshi sunadaran da carbohydrates. Its kauri ne 100 nm - 1 micron. Tu epithelia babu jini, kuma haka su diffusely powered by wani ginshiki membrane.

4. Domin epithelial Kwayoyin halin da morphofunctional polarity. Su ne muhimmi da apical iyakacin duniya. A tsakiya na epithelial Kwayoyin located kusa da muhimmi, kuma kusan duk cytoplasm ne a apical. Akwai iya zama gungu na cilia da microvilli.

5. epithelial kyallen takarda ne daban-daban da kyau-tsare ikon regenerate. Suna halin da gaban da kara, da kuma bambancin Kwayoyin cambium.

Daban-daban hanyoyin rarrabuwa

A cikin sharuddan juyin halitta daga cikin epithelial Kwayoyin kafa kafin sauran nama Kwayoyin. Su primary aiki ya zuwa delimitation na jiki daga waje muhalli. A halin yanzu mataki na ci gaba da epithelial nama da dama ayyuka a cikin jiki. A cewar wannan alama, rarrabe waɗannan iri yadudduka: integumentary, tsotsa, excretory, da kuma sauran secretory. Nau'in epithelial kyallen takarda morphologically la'akari da siffar da yawan epithelial yadudduka a cikin samuwar. Saboda haka, ware guda da Multi-mai lebur epithelial kyallen takarda.

Halaye na guda-Layer, guda epithelia

A tsarin fasali na wani epithelial nama, da ake kira mai guda-Layer, ya ta'allaka ne da cewa tafki kunshi guda Layer na sel. Sa'ad da dukan Kwayoyin suna da halin da samuwar wannan tsawo cewa suna magana ne game da wani single-Layer guda-jere epithelium. Epithelial tsawo Yanã m rarrabuwa, bisa ga abin da nuna gaban a jikin jirgin sama, cubic da cylindrical (prismatic) guda-jere guda-Layer epithelium.

Single-Layer squamous epithelium na sarrafa yankuna na cikin huhu a cikin numfashi (Alveoli), kananan ducts gland, testes, tsakiyar kunne rami, serous membranes (mesothelium). Kafa daga mesodam.

Jera sarrafawa monolayer ne cuboidal epithelium ducts gland da kuma tubules da kodan. Da tsawo da nisa kamar guda Kwayoyin, da nuclei ne taso da ake located a cibiyar daga cikin cell. The asalin iya zama daban-daban.

Wannan irin single-Layer guda-jere epithelial nama a matsayin cylindrical (columnar) epithelium, dake a cikin gastrointestinal fili, ducts na gland, koda tattara ducts. A tsawo daga cikin sel ne muhimmanci mafi girma daga nisa. Yana yana da wani daban-daban asalin.

Halaye na guda-Layer Multi-jere ciliated epithelium

Idan guda-Layer epithelial nama Forms Layer na sel na daban-daban Heights, sa'an nan muna magana ne game da Multi-jere ciliated epithelium. Wannan nama Lines surface na Airways da kuma wasu sassa na haihuwa tsarin (seminal fili da kuma jajtceprovodov) tsarin fasali na epithelial nama irin kunshi a gaskiyar cewa ta Kwayoyin suna da iri uku: short intercalary, dogon ciliated da finjãlin giya. Dukan su suna shirya a guda Layer, amma intercalary Kwayoyin ba su isa babba baki na tafki. A lokacin da girma up, da suka bambance da kuma zama ciliated ko finjãlin giya. A fasalin ne gaban ciliated Kwayoyin a apical iyakacin duniya na babban adadin cilia, finjãlin giya Kwayoyin suna iya samar da slime.

Rarrabuwa da kuma tsarin da rabe epithelium

epithelial Kwayoyin iya samar da mahara yadudduka. Suna located daya sama da sauran, saboda haka, a tsaye lamba tare da ginshiki membrane ne ba kawai a sosai warai ayi, muhimmi Layer na epithelial Kwayoyin. Ya ƙunshi kara Kwayoyin kuma cambial. Kamar yadda suka bambance, sa'an nan motsi waje. Da littattafai ga rarrabuwa ne nan gaba siffar da Kwayoyin. Saboda haka ware rabe squamous keratinizing, rabe squamous epithelium neorogovevayuschy da kuma mi} a mulki.

Halaye na rabe squamous keratinized epithelium

Kafa daga ectoderm. Daga wannan nama qunshi epidermis, wanda shine surface Layer na fata, da m rabo daga dubura. Features na tsarin irin wannan epithelial nama suna samuwa biyar yadudduka na Kwayoyin: muhimmi, spinous, granular, m kuma jaraba.

A muhimmi Layer ne guda jere tsayi cylindrical Kwayoyin. Su tam daure su cikin ginshiki membrane kuma suna da ikon haifa. A kauri daga cikin spinous Layer ne daga 4 zuwa 8 layuka spiny Kwayoyin. A granular Layer - 2-3 layuka na Kwayoyin. Epithelial Kwayoyin da flattened siffar, m core. Shiny Layer - mai yawan mutuwa Kwayoyin 2-3. Mafi kusa zuwa surface na sashen dutsen corneum, aka hada da wani jam'i na layuka (100) suranta wani lebur matattu Kwayoyin. Wannan jaraba Sikeli, a cikinta akwai wata keratin keratin.

The aiki na wannan nama ne don kare zurfin tsokoki da waje lalacewa.

Tsarin fasali na rabe squamous epithelium neorogovevayuschy

Kafa daga ectoderm. A wuraren da na sarrafawa ne cornea, na baka rami, esophagus kuma wani ɓangare na ciki na wasu jinsin dabbobi. Yana yana da uku yadudduka: muhimmi, prickly da lebur. A muhimmi Layer a lamba tare da ginshiki membrane kunshi prismatic Kwayoyin da ciwon babban m nuclei da ɗan canja zuwa apical iyakacin duniya. Kwayoyin na wannan Layer, sharing, fara dannawa up. Saboda haka, su ne ba a lamba tare da ginshiki membrane da wuce a cikin prickly Layer. Wannan shi ne dama yadudduka na sel na sababbu polygonal siffar, da kuma wani m tsakiya. Prickly Layer zama surface - lebur Layer na wani kauri daga 2-3 Kwayoyin.

tsaka epithelium

Nau'in epithelial kyallen takarda azurta wani abin da ake kira tsaka epithelium kafa daga mesodam. Sarrafawa - koda kafafuwa, ureter da kuma mafitsara. Uku yadudduka na sel (muhimmi, tsaka-tsaki, da kuma shafi) ne sosai daban-daban a cikin tsarin. Domin muhimmi Layer halin gaban kananan cambial sel daban-daban siffofi kwance a muhimmi membrane. Matsakaiciyar Layer Kwayoyin suna haske da kuma manyan, da yawan layuka iya zama daban-daban. Yana dogara kan yadda jiki ne cika. A shafi Layer Kwayoyin ne ko ya fi girma, suna da halin da mahara tsakiya, ko polyploidy, suna iya sakewa da gamsai, wanda ya hana samuwar surface daga cutarwa lamba tare da fitsari.

glandular epithelium

epithelial nama faye hali ya bai cika ba tare da wani bayanin da sifa da aiki na da ake kira glandular epithelium. Wannan irin nama yana yadu rarraba a cikin jiki, ta Kwayoyin suna iya samar da da kuma asirce musamman abubuwa - asĩri. A size, siffar, tsarin glandular Kwayoyin ne quite bambancin, a matsayin abun da ke ciki da kuma ta asĩri specialization.

Hanyar da ta asĩri suna kafa isasshe hadaddun Saide a dama, saukarwa da ake kira secretory sake zagayowar.

Features na tsarin epithelial nama hada da glandular Kwayoyin, saboda da farko zuwa da manufa. Saboda irin wannan masana'anta da aka kafa jikinsu, da babban aiki na wanda za a tsara m. Wadannan gabobi kira gland.