Hero Cities da Tarayyar Soviet: title na aiki tarihi

Ko da fall na sansanin soja, a bãyansu da ake daure su tabbata mutane da kuma samun su zai dogara ne a kan gaba daga cikin birni, kasar da kuma bil'adama. A yakin duniya na biyu, kamar guguwa, share a kan Turai. A wani al'amari na watanni, Hitler hore babba yawan kasashe, amma sai ya tsallaka kan iyaka na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma koyi abin da ainihi yaƙi. Inda wasu daina, Soviet sojojin ba a ko da tunani game da gudu. Su yi yaƙi domin kowane mita daga ƙasar haihuwarsa, birnin da aka karkashin kawancen for watanni, amma ba ta da fari flags. Wannan sa karfi matsa lamba a kan tsõkana. Bayan nasara a cikin Great Patriotic War, da gwamnatin ta yanke shawarar lambar yabo da lakabi na "Hero City" wurare, mazaunan wanda sun tabbatar da kyau kwarai, suna yaƙi da soja. Hero Cities da Tarayyar Soviet - mai girma Bastion, don kare kasar su.

Game da dokokin

A watan Mayu, cikin 45th, aka bayar da umarni a ba da matsayi na "Hero City" yanki, wanda bambanta kansa a yaƙi da invaders. A cewar wannan tsari, na farko-birni heroes of Tarayyar Soviet su ne:

• Stalingrad.
• Odessa.
• Sevastopol.
• Leningrad.

A shekarar 1961 da take da aka bai wa Kiev. 1965 fadar shugaban kasar ya tabbatar da matsayi na matsayi na "Hero City". Kusan nan da nan umarni 7. Kamar yadda dokokin, duk da birnin-heroes of Tarayyar Soviet karbi lambar yabo "Gold Star". Bugu da kari ga lambar Odessa, Sevastopol da Stalingrad da aka bai kara Order of Lenin. Har ila yau, bisa ga batun umarni, da m title of "Heroes" aka bayar da Moscow da kuma Brest sansanin soja.

A 1980 da matsayi na matsayi na "Hero City" kadan gyara, shi ne a yanzu - ba sauki take, kuma mafi girma mataki na fitarwa. Kamar yadda žwažwalwar ajiya na heroism na baya a wadannan garuruwa da aka sanya a jerin gumaka tare da wani gida alama. A postwar shekaru, kewayawa yankuna wurare, karbi mafi kyautar, babu wanda ya koma gida ba tare da icon "Hero City" na Tarayyar Soviet.

Hero Cities in Tsarin Harafi Bayan Harafi

A matsayi na "Hero City" - shi ne mafi daraja da kuma babban sakamako ga mutane da yawa, zamantakewa heroism. The yaki ya kawo da yawa daga asarar da, amma wahayi halaye kamar ƙarfin hali da ƙarfin zuciya na kowane mazauni. Daya yana da kawai ya tuna da kewaye na Leningrad. 900 dogon kwana yankin zauna a cikin makiya Cordon, amma ba wanda zai daina. Just a jerin "birni-gwarzo" da Tarayyar Soviet kunshi 12 kujeru:

• Volgograd.
• Kerch.
• Kiev.
• Leningrad.
• Minsk.
• Moscow.
• Murmansk.
• Novorossiysk.
• Odessa.
• Sevastopol.
• Smolensk.
• Tula.

Don wannan jerin mu iya ƙara a kan sãshe, kuma Brest sansanin soja, wanda aka bayar da m title of "sansanin soja-Hero". Kowane birni ne da aka sani ga babban feat, wanda ya ba da aka manta.

Birnin Leningrad,

Wannan birni-gwarzo na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet, domin tabbatar, za a tuna da na dogon lokaci. A maharan yi nufi ga hallakar da yawan jama'a. M kama yaƙi a kan m, zuwa ga birnin 07.10.1941. Makiya da na lamba amfani, biyu cikin sharuddan da makamai, da kuma a cikin yawan sojoji. 09/08/1941 Jamus sojojin fara sarrafa Neva, da kuma Birnin Leningrad, ya rabu da babban yankin.

Kawancen na birnin dade har Janairu 1944. A lokacin wadannan 900 kwanaki na zama, da kisan fiye da mutane fiye da suka bata a yaki da cewa Amurka da kuma Birtaniya a hade. Daga yunwa, 800 dubu. Mutane mutu. Amma kowace rana rabin mutane miliyan aka aiki a kan gina tsaron gida cikas. Barricades 35 km, kan 40 km anti Tsarin kan 4 th. Bunkers. Bugu da kari, da Birnin Leningrad, ya yi gyare-gyare da kuma samar da makamai. Saboda haka, gaba-line zone 1.9 dubu. Tankuna da aka gabãtar, 225,2 dubu. Automata miliyan 10 mahakar kuma ansu kafofin tarwatsa projectiles 12,1 dubu. Barin. Fiye da rabin mutane miliyan samu soja lambar yabo.

Stalingrad (Volgograd)

Hero City Stalingrad Tarayyar Soviet tsira mafi tartsatsi adawa da yakin duniya na II, ta gangara a tarihi a matsayin soja fadace-fadace na Stalingrad yaƙi. 17/07/1942 farko invaders zo wajen ba-rana Volgograd da niyyar zuwa nasara da sauri. Amma wannan yaƙi jan a ga kwanaki 200, shi ya aka hannu biyu soja da kuma talakawa Soviet jama'a.

Agusta 23, 1942 farko akwai na farko hari a kan birnin, da kuma kawai 25.08 na gaggawa da aka ayyana Martial doka. shiga ta 50 dubu. Don da masu sa kai na Soviet sojojin. Duk da akai harin, gida shuke-shuke ci gaba da aiki, ba tare da rage gudu don bayar da gaba dole soja ammonium. Jamusawa zo kusa ranar 12 ga watan Satumba. 2 watanni na m fadace-fadace sun sa muhimmanci lalacewar da abokin sojojin. 19/11/1942 Birnin Leningrad, ya fara counterattack. Bayan 2.5 watanni, maƙiyi aka halaka.

Odessa da Sevastopol

Nazi sojojin ne 5 sau da fama ikon da kare Odessa, amma tsaro na birnin har yanzu dade na 73 days. A wannan lokacin da Tarayyar Soviet ta sojojin da masu sa kai daga jama'ar kasar mayakan iya haifar da gagarumin lalacewar da mai mamaye sojojin. Duk da haka, birnin har yanzu tana karkashin kula na Nazis.

Soviet birni-heroes a cikin Great Patriotic War taka ta rawa, ko da idan suka precipitated, sun kasance wani misali na jimiri, ƙarfi, kuma mabuwayi ƙarfin hali. Sebastopol tsaron gida dabara da aka sani a shafukan tarihi na soji da kuma dabara bada, a matsayin misali na mai tsawo da kuma aiki tsaron gida ayyukan baya maƙiyi Lines. Kariya na jihar bakin teku birnin dade fiye da watanni 8, ya fara daga 10.30.1941. Kawai a 4 ga watan ƙoƙari Jamusawa gudanar ya kama shi.

Brest sansanin soja

Wannan Brest zama na farko da birnin da ya fuskanci-to-face tare da abokin sojojin. A safiyar Yuni 22, karkashin maƙiyi wuta ne Brest sansanin soja, inda a wancan lokaci aka located game da 7,000 Soviet sojojin. Farkisanci invaders aka shirin kama iko da sansanin soja a cikin 'yan sa'o'i, amma samu makale for wata guda cur. A Jamus sojojin ya sha fama da wani gagarumin asara da iko a kan sansanin soja da aka dauka a cikin wani mako, amma a watan da Nazis mur da mutum Aljihuna na juriya. Lokaci tsiwirwirinsu Brest, tara sojoji na kungiyar tarayyar da kuma shirya mayar da kai harin.

Moscow da kuma Kiev

Sun rarrabe kansu a yaƙi da abokan gaba da kuma babban birnin na biyu mai girma da iko. A farkon yakin da aka alama ga Kiev iska buga. A birnin ya je karkashin hari invaders a farkon hours na yaki, amma bayan makonni biyu an tushen kwamitin da Kariya daga cikin birnin. Fara 72 rana m aiki. Da darajõji daga cikin Soviet sojojin shiga 33 dubu. Kiev. Sun kasance wani ɓangare na kai hari battalions kuma ya ba da mai kyau yaki da abokan gaba.

Makiya harin da aka tsaya a kan na farko line na gari kufaifan. Ansu rubuce-rubucen Kiev su matsa zuwa makiya kasa, amma 30/07/1941 an yi haka wani ƙoƙari hari. Bayan kwanaki 10, da makiya ya iya karya da tsaro na kudu-maso-yammacin, amma kare su iya counteract wannan. Bayan kwanaki 5, da invaders sojojin suka tattara zuwa ga tsohon matsayi. Direct hari Kiev ba dauki. 17 farkisanci ƙungiyoyin dogon halarci fadace-fadace na Kiev. Saboda haka, maƙiyi aka tilasta janye ɓangare na m sojojin da suka tafi Moscow, kuma zuwa kai tsaye su zuwa Kiev. Saboda wannan, da Soviet sojojin tsallake a ranar 19 ga watan Satumba.

Kamar yadda na Moscow, da yaƙi domin shi ne a cikin iri biyu ma'amaloli: tsaron gida, kuma m. Farkisanci umurnin yanke shawarar zuwa Moscow. Its kama zai zama a yankunan da duka ga kungiyar tarayyar sojojin, haka babban firepower aka jefa a kan babban birnin kasar. Bi da bi, da Soviet sojojin da aka ba faruwa haka da sauki ba up. 5 Disamba da Jamus da aka tura mayar daga Moscow, da kuma masu kare tsaron kaddamar da wani counterattack, taron ya culmination na juya a cikin yaki.

koli

Saboda girmamawa kamata a bai wa Kerch, Tula, Novorossiysk, Murmansk, Smolensk, da suka sanya wani cancanci taimako ga yaƙi da fascists. A Soviet sojojin suka yi jihãdi da na karshe, kuma tare da su yi yãƙi, kuma yan unguwa. A tsaron gida, kuma m fadace-fadace da duk adam albarkatun da hannu. Murmansk, Novorossiisk, Birnin Leningrad, Stalingrad - godiya ga Herculean kokarin su iya dakatar da gaba da makiya, da kuma ba da aka kama. The m kewaye a cikin Kerch quarries yarda da su jinkirta da farkisanci hari, amma mazauna yankin da suka sha wahala m hasarori. Shi ne a kan Kerch Larabawa Soviet hukumar ta fara gudanar da bincike Nazi laifuka.

Goma sha biyu, da cewa yadda da yawa daga gwarzo birane a Tarayyar Soviet. Sun kasance sũ ne da unbending ruhu da ya saura bayan faduwar kagara.