Iyakacin duniya Urals: location, topography, muhalli da yanayi, tattalin arziki

A arewacin ɓangare na kananan amma picturesque Ural duwãtsu a cikin arewa na Eurasia yana da wani sunan - da iyakacin duniya Urals. Halitta yanki nasa biyu yankuna na Rasha - Yamalo-Nenets cin gashin kanta District da Komi Jamhuriyar. A matsananci yanayi da kuma kyau na arewacin shimfidar sa wannan wuri na musamman. Shi ne wannan layin wuce notional iyaka tsakanin Asiya da Turai.

Janar halaye na yankin

Iyakar tsakanin manyan maki, wanda yana dauke da na yau da kullum, ya wuce daidai tsakanin biyu yankuna na kasar ya kira sama, dama tare da watershed na kunya da ya raba da Pechora tasa zuwa yamma na Likitan mata River a gabas. Mountain fi a girma a tsawo na 800-1200 m, wasu kadan hakan, misali, Dutsen Payer - 1500 m.

A arewacin iyakacin duniya Urals shi yana da halayyar siffa daga cikin sauƙi. A zurfin dissection iri-iri da kuma mai gangara ridges, kwaruruka m zuwa ta hanyar kananan tsawo wuce (200-250 m) ta cikin babban watershed. A daya daga wadannan wurare kara da data kasance reshe transpolar karauka.

taimako siffofin

Iyakacin duniya Ural yankin, kazalika da duk na Ural Mountains, kafa a epoch na Hercynian nadawa na fiye da miliyan 250 da suka wuce. Tun wannan lokacin, yankin amince dogara ne a kan wani barga kafuwar Eurasian farantin, da kuma taba dandana gagarumin mukamai.

A tsawon lokaci da mataki na yashewa, ciki har da glaciers, m cewa abin da yake a yanzu a taimako Ural Severny, Ural iyakacin duniya da kuma dutsen duka kewayon wannan sunan. An halin babba kuma mai zurfin kwaruruka da hankula Tsarin: kududdufai, cart. Akwai yawa depressions, mafi yawa thermokarst, wasu daga wanda suna cike da ruwa da kuma juya a cikin wani lake.

Domin da iyakacin duniya Urals ne halin da rabuwa da kwarin kogin sob shiga kashi biyu, abin da ya bambanta a yanki tsarin. A arewacin dutsen yanki a fadin kai har zuwa 125 km, shi ne karfi dissected ta gangara kwaruruka, kuma yana da low tsawo ya wuce - 200-250 m saman teku matakin. Amma yammacin gangara steeper. shi Narrows kudu kawai 25-30 km a fadin tare da kafa zuwa 500 m, da kuma a wasu lokuta - zuwa 1500 m.

A sauyin yanayi

Kamar yadda aka sani, iyakacin duniya, iyakacin duniya Urals halin tsanani yanayin damina. a shiru wurare Climate sharply nahiyar. Iyakacin duniya Urals yankin dake kan iyakar kasashen Turai hadin gwiwa cyclonic aiki da Siberian anticyclone. Winters ne sosai sanyi (har zuwa -55 ° C), tare da iska mai karfi da kuma high ruwan sama. Saboda gaskiya cewa duwãtsu ne rigar cyclones daga yamma, a cikin gabashin ɓangare na ruwan sama da dama a cikin 2-3 sau da ƙananan. Fall, bazara da kuma bazara - takaice, da kuma yanayin a wannan lokaci shi ne m. A zafi niƙe zuwa + 30 ° C iya hanzari a maye gurbin sanyi kwana tare da girgije mai zuba da kuma karfi gusts daga iska da ƙanƙara.

Iyakacin duniya Ural River

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, a cikin ƙasa na iyakacin duniya Urals ne watershed. Wannan lokaci ne da za a gane topographic matukar layi a kan Duniya ta surface, wanda ya raba biyu ko fiye da tafkunansu tekuna, tekuna, koguna da tabkuna. Yanayi da Effluent directed daga biyu daura gangara. A wannan yanayin rarraban line kara tsakanin wuraren waha kuma Pechora kogin Likitan mata (Amurka). A yammacin gangara saboda ruwan sama, shi ne 2-3 sau fi a gabashin, thickly cike da gidajen gona da kogin kwari.

Daga arewa zuwa kudu daga ƙarƙashinsu Kara, Dace da kuma Amurka. na farko shi ne tsayin 257 km, da daron yanki - 13 400 murabba'in kilomita. Ikon da aka kawota yafi by snow da kuma ruwan sama. Iyakacin duniya Ural hada da most inflow Pechory - River Usa, wanda shi ne tsayin 565 kilomita, da kuma shipping pool yanki - 93,6 dubu square. km. A wasu wuraren da kogin ne m, tare da sashen kogin cewa jawo hankalin mutane da yawa yawon bude ido domin gami.

Ta hanyar gabashin gangaren dutsen wuce uku koguna. Synya (tsawon 217 m) - hagu tributary na Likitan mata. Partially navigable kogin, da dama kananan kauyuka dake tare da bankuna. Na biyu waterway - Pike yana da tsawon kilomita 500, kuma shi ne mai kiwo ƙasa, a cikin abin da filafili whitefish, m whitefish, whitefish. Uku River - Longotogan yana da tsawon kilomita 200.

Lake a arewacin gundumar

Yankin arziki a cikin sanyi da kuma tsabta arewacin tabkuna. Mafi yawan su suna thermokarst da kuma mayar da hankali a Cirque kwaruruka. A farko factor Yanã shigar da kananan size da kuma kananan zurfin. A arewacin tsarin na kududdufai located Hadata-Yugan-Lor, wanda ya kunshi kananan da manyan tabkuna juna kilometer gada 20-50 kamu. Beautiful wuri cewa shi ne mai arziki a cikin iyakacin duniya Urals, ya kwanan nan dauka a karkashin kariya, da kuma yankin ƙasar kunshe a cikin nazarin halittu ajiye, wanda runduna da acclimatization da kuma sake acclimatization na bison Musk sa.

A yankin Arewa shi ne ma Kananan kuma Big Lake Shchuchye. A karshen ne a tectonic ciki da kuma duk ma'aunai Ural yana da fice a zurfin 136 m da kuma most yankin na ruwa surface. A bird's-ido ta kama wani babban kogi, kawai a kan wani kilometer m. Kusa da tafkin a kan bankunan na mafitar kololuwa har zuwa 1000 m. The m gangara daga cikin kunya saukar zuwa lake, wani lokacin juya cikin m cliffs. Greater zurfin farawa kawai 50 mita daga bakin gaci.

An m gani, a picturesque wuri - da daraja a ziyarci matsananci iyakacin duniya Urals. Trekking za a iya shirya da kansa, amma shi ne mafi kyau don amfani da sabis na hidima. Ga dama ya fi dacewa da arewaci da kuma kudancin gefen tafkin da m da m gaba overgrown tare da ciyawa da kuma shrubs. Ruwa zafin jiki har ma a cikin mafi zafi kwanaki bai tashi sama 10-14 ° C. A tabkuna da kuma kewaye yankin kasance a jihar ajiye.

dutse kololuwa

• Konstantinov dutse - gina yafi na sandstone da quartzite dutsen kewayon 45 km daga Baidaratskaya Kara Sea. Tsororuwar a 483 mita daga teku.
• Harnaurdy-Kaew - dutse (1246 m), m glaciation yana ba.
• Ngetenape - dutse ganiya (1338 m).
• Hanmi - 1333 m saman teku matakin.
• Payer - tsororuwar iyakacin duniya Ural (1499 m) ya kunshi shale, quartzite da igneous duwatsu, yana da snezhniki.

A Fauna da Flora,

Nature iyakacin duniya Urals na da kyau, amma ba a matsayin mai arziki a cikin jinsunan a matsayin warmer sauyin yanayi zones. A tsirin shi ne quite sparse, taiga gandun daji da kuma za a iya samu ne kawai a kudancin gundumar. A cikin Urals gana Birch da fir, a cikin Urals - fir da larch. A kogin kwari za a iya gani matattu itace, wani m deciduous gandun daji. A kan bankunan na tafkunan girma shrubs, Willow, Dwarf Birch, ciyawa da furanni. Rarraba arewacin berries: cranberries, cloudberries, blueberries, kuma namomin kaza.

A fauna ne tsautsayi. In mun gwada sau da yawa daga dukan manyan dabbobi kawai reindeer za a iya samu a cikin wadannan sassa. Wild kusan zasu kare. Mafi yawa daga cikin al'ummar - dabbabiobin gida da suke gãdon gida yawan. Da suka doke makiyaya saboda overgrazing. Da zarar a cikin wadannan yankunan ji a sauƙi Musk shanu, daji dawakai, bison, saiga. A lokacin, ci gaba a kananan adadin ruwan kasa beyar, akwai hares da partridges.

A general, Flora da fauna - hankula na tundra zone. A bayyane yake bayyana tsawo bayyana da iyakacin duniya Urals, watau canji na wuri mai faɗi da kuma muhalli da yanayi hade da wani karu a zazzabi da kuma wani karuwa a hazo.

A bunkasa masana'antu na yankin

All Ural ne mafi hako ma'adinai yankunan kasar. A cikinsa ya ta'allaka da wani m adadin da dama ma'adanai, ciki har da na baƙin ƙarfe, da jan karfe, platinum, da zinariya, da duwatsu masu daraja, potash, asbestos da kuma more. Dalilin wannan bambancin - musamman ma'aunan kasa tarihi.

Rarraba ma'adanai ne ma subordinated da manufa na altitudinal zones. A shekarar 2005, shi ya fara da ci gaban da aikin "Ural Industrial-Ural iyakacin duniya", da nufin cimma affordability da yiwuwa na nishadantarwa a masana'antu samar da yankin ta arziki albarkatun na yankin. Daga cikin ayyukan - Mining iyakacin duniya ma'adini.

Tourism a yankin

A tsaurara sauyin yanayi da kuma yanayin da taimako zuwa ga gaskiya cewa iyakacin duniya Urals, da kuma musamman ta kudancin, yadu popularized tsakanin yawon bude ido, magoya na gudun kan, yin yawo da ruwa wasanni wurare. Daya daga cikin muhimman abũbuwan amfãni daga yankin ne ta amfani da sharuddan harkokin sufuri, kazalika da matsakaicin nesa hanya daga tashar jirgin "Arewa", "Ural", "Horota", "Eletskaya" da sauransu ba fiye da kilomita 60. The rare yawon shakatawa yanayi Voikar kogin sob, Kara, Synya, Pike, Tanju. Dangane da damar da kuma horo, za a iya zabar hanyoyi na sãɓãwar launukansa wuya - daga na farko zuwa na hudu category.

Bugu da ƙari, na iyakacin duniya Ural nasu ski yana da dama gidaje, musamman a iyakacin duniya yarjejeniya a kan "sob" a kan dutsen tashar da kuma baki. Musamman rare ne yin yawo da kuma gudun kan hanyoyi a cikin yankin arewacin yankin da ziyarar da ban sha'awa dutsen tabkuna. Duk da haka, da takamaiman sauyin yanayi, halin da tsanani, da ke sa da kansa sabawa. Saboda haka, saboda short rana da kuma harsh hunturu ski tafiye-tafiye suna da za'ayi a watan Afrilu-May. Yin yawo en daga duwatsu akwai yiwu daga Yuli har tsakiyar Agusta, saboda a wannan lokacin da aka kafa dadi kamar yadda zai yiwu dumi weather.