Liberation of Prague ta Soviet sojojin. Liberation of Prague daga Nazis

A yakin duniya na biyu ya na jini da kuma m. Daga yawa kasashen Turai da aka buga ta tausayi duka. Asarar gwada da kananan Czechoslovakia bugi babban size: 35 dubu sojoji, dubban fararen hula ... Lokacin da neman cheap aiki, da Jamus da aka tilas dauka su yi aikin gandu a Jamus, 550 000 matasa. Katse ka daga kasar babban yanki na ƙasa: Carpathian Rus, da Sudetenland da Tishinsky yankin. A jihar matsayin mai zaman kanta mahaluži daina wanzuwa, zama a Jamus mallaka: abin da ake kira protectorate.

zama

A karshen yaki da sojojin da aka tura a Czechoslovakia "Center" - a wajen manyan Jamus kungiyar. Its abun da ke ciki da aka lasafta ta a miliyan shugabanni da sojoji. Invaders umarta ta Field Marshal makirci. Ya kasance da tabbaci tabbata cewa Jamhuriyar Czech ya kamata ya zama gaba daya Jamus al'umma. Akwai rahotannin cewa Rasha shirya da kwato Prague, da Nazis dauke m da kuma mara kyau ne. Amma ga babban birnin kasar, a watan Mayu na shekarar 1945, ya zama wani gwajin ƙasa na shida German fama squadrons. Musamman kula invaders kiyãye Airfield, inda akwai da jirage, kazalika da kewaye yankin, gina-up barikin sojoji.

Ban sha'awa, amma da kwato Prague a cikin wadannan kwanaki ne da yawa mahawara. Masana tarihi ya kasu kashi uku sansani. Wasu yi imani da cewa birnin daga Nazis barrantar da gida da 'yan tawaye, yayin da wasu ce game da m m Vlasov, wasu nanata muhimmanci horar da Soviet sojojin. Akwai kuma wani version cewa zuwan Rasha Prague ya riga free. Shin wannan gaskiya ne? Ka yi kokarin fahimtar.

farko matakai

Lalle ne, birnin shirya don saki da yawa. Hakika, da aiki da shirin da aka ɓullo da, da Red Army. Tuni a cikin Afrilu 1945 a hedkwatar hankali karatu maps of babban birnin kasar, ya yi bincike jirgin sama: su iya ganin Jamus matsayi, su gun emplacements da harsasai depots. Wadannan dabara abubuwa da samun karkashin brunt.

A sosai karshen na Great Patriotic War (WWII), da kwato Prague da kuma fara shirya da Czech National Council, kafa a shekarar 1945. Office, kunsha na gurguzu, da'awar da hakkin ya kai wani taro tawaye, da cibiyoyin da kowane yanzu, sa'an nan ya barke a kasar. Amma lokacin da kungiyar na aiki ba haka ba ne muhimmiyar rawa na PPH a shafa na babban birnin kasar ba wasa.

A lokaci guda a kan May 5 a Prague tafi Vlasov, da sojoji na farko dakaru Division na ROA. Fama naúrar, ya zauna a karkashin jagorancin Manjo Janar Bunyachenko, alama farkon na release. A wani al'amari na kwanaki sun kasance iya tsabtace yammacin ɓangare na birnin, ta haka ne bude masa zobe SS.

American ayyuka

Duk da yake Vlasov fara da kwato Prague daga Nazis, a daya bangaren zo zuwa babban birnin kasar na American sojojin karkashin Janar Patton. A da shugaban kasar Amurka, ya aka umurce ka sa a gaba da matsayi na line Plzen - Karlovy bambanta - Choske Budejovice. Amirkawa musamman da Jamus bai guje, amma Red Army, ya fito daga Slovakia, suka ba da wani m juriya. Ƙididdigewa ne ga Amurka biyayya ga fursunonin, sun fi so su fada a cikin hannuwansu, fiye da wa peremptory gurguzu. Saboda haka, cikin kudi na gaba na masõya ya daban-daban.

Janar Patton dauki Plzen. Mazauna birnin har sa da wani abin tunawa a gare shi bayan da yaki. A wannan, Amirkawa tsaya: motsi zuwa ga Red Army, don haka don kauce wa rikice, suka yanke shawarar jira. Na'am, kuma ba ya la'akari da gwamnatin Amurka don Czechoslovakia siyasa haƙiƙa. A sakamakon haka, mun yanke shawarar sake ba hadarin rayuwar sojoji. Lokacin da Rasha gane cewa masõya koma a kan su magana, su ci gaba da kwato Prague kadai.

Abin da ya faru na gaba?

A halin yanzu, bayan da ta yi nasara aiki domin kwata 'yanci na yammacin ɓangare na birnin Vlasov tattara. Masana tarihi yi imani da cewa sun kai ga Prague saboda dalilai guda biyu: da farko, ya so ya yaba da Amirkawa, kuma abu na biyu, suna begen domin afuwa bayan aiki hadin gwiwa tare da Jamusawan. Amma bayan kasawa ga yarda a matsayi na jam'iyya da PPH, suka bar babban birnin kasar.

Kamar yadda ka gani, da kwato Prague cikakken fadi a kan kafadu na Red Army. Farko umurce Marshal Konev. Ya naúrar ya kawai ya gama tsaftacewa na Berlin, kamar yadda nan da nan aka jefa a cikin Czech yankin. Ba Allaha a rana, da sojoji fara karya, ta hanyar zuwa birnin. Active bangare a cikin tashin da ya dauki battalions na farko Ukrainian Front. A daya daga cikin mafi zafi fadace-fadace da gaba gada ya aka mortally rauni Lieutenant Ivan Goncharenko, sunansa da aka daga baya suna daya daga Prague ta tituna. A kwata 'yanci na Prague dade kwanaki da dama: daga 6 zuwa 11 ga watan Mayu. Da shi shi ne karshe manyan aiki na yakin duniya na II a Turai.

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Prague shi ne na karshe manyan Nazi cike da ya haifar da juriya. Duk da hannu sallama, na gida invaders ba sa so su daina. A maimakon haka, su na shirin tara tare da babban rabo daga cikin Jamusawa, lakabi Mitla kungiyar. Maƙiyi naúrar ci gaba da gudanar da aiki yãƙi, yãƙi a kowane bi da bi. Fice zuwa kudu-Mitla Group yanke shawarar shiga sojojin da Nazis shagaltar Czechoslovakia. Don hana da tabbatarwa daga abokan gaba, mu sojoji ruga zuwa cikin yãƙi. Dauki wannan matsayi ya zama wani al'amari na girmamawa da kuma lamiri.

Ta yaya kwata 'yanci na Prague ta Soviet sojojin? A farko, da Red Army relentlessly biyã Schorner naúrar su hana su daga cim ma abin da aka shirya. Fare ake yi a kan tanki, shi ne a karkashin umurnin kama kifi da kuma Lelyushenko generals. Yana da wadannan m boys, an umurce karya ta layi na mãsu bãyar da bãya Nazis, da barin su, a baya, kuma, da ita yankan kashe daga SS maza lurking a Prague. A shirin da ya ce: a lokacin da Mitla kungiyar za ta isa babban birnin na Czechoslovakia, akwai riga ne Rasha sojoji. Babban matsalar for mu mayakan sun kawai m duwãtsu, rataye a gaban. Don shawo kan wannan milestone shi ne babban maƙasudin da motocin dakon.

Karshen Mitla kungiyar

Tarihi aiki ya fara tank regiments na farko Ukrainian Front. Suka sanya su hanyar ta ƙunƙuntar, Tuddan da kuma kawo hadari dutsen kafa. A farar duhun dare crawler inji share da makiya shingen kafa ta Jamus a kowane mataki. Lokacin da akwai wani Mawadãci, crews bar tankuna: maza da kaina mayar da gadoji, defuse mahakar.

A karshe, alhãli kuwa sunã kãfirai duk wani shingen, karfe fasahar kalaman da ya ratsa ta cikin ridges kuma yi birgima saukar da gangara - mike zuwa Czech babban birnin kasar. A bayyanar Soviet tankuna a kan sararin sama ya haka m ga SS cewa ba su ma suna da wani dace juriya. A akasin wannan, haƙi ƙa, mahaukaci tare da tsoro, da Jamus suka gudu a cikin tsoro a kan? Arya.

Saboda haka ya ƙare da kwato Prague. Kwanan girma taron - on 11 May. A wannan rana, babban birnin kasar Czechoslovakia gaba daya barrantar da invaders. Raba kungiyoyin na fascists mu tankuna biyã more kwana biyu, bayan da fursunoni na duk 'yan gudun hijira, sun cancanta wata alhakin soja manufa kammala.