Kalmomi ba tare da karshen: misalai. Abin da kalmomi ba tare da karshen?

Morphemics binciko mahimmin juzu'in da kalmar, kamar tushen, kari na baya baki, prefix, gama. A Rasha, da kalmar ba zai iya zama wani daga cikin wadannan aka gyara, fãce tushen. Shi ne babban m na lexical ma'anar. Sauran ɓangare na kalma ko kawai sa shi nuna nahawu ma'anar. A wuri na musamman a cikin wannan jerin ne ƙarewa, wanda ba dole ba ne don m kalmomi.

Independent kalmomi ƙare

Sashe na jawabin na Rasha harshen kasu kashi zaman kanta da kuma sabis. A karshen hada da kungiyoyin kwadago, prepositions, barbashi kuma interjections. Bã su da wani lexical ma'anar da kuma bauta ne kawai a matsayin kari ga darajar m kalmomi ko danganta su a wata jumla, a jumla. Saboda haka, su ne m, kuma ba su da endings.

Independent sassa na magana ana yi sama da wadannan morphemes, wanda zai iya canza, bayyana na zuwa wani nau'in category. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne karshen.

Kusan duk mai ma'ana alama shi. A sauki tsarin da kalmomi: tushen + ƙarewa. Tushen ne kusan ko da yaushe akai. Fãce akwai kawai hadaddun da ilimin harsuna ya tafiyar matakai kamar da sãɓãwar sautuna. A karshen ne ko da yaushe canza.

Rawar da ƙarshen kalma

Karshen - da ƙaramar mahimmin juzu'in da kalmar, ya nuna nahawu ma'anar da kuma hidima ga mahaɗi a kalmomi tare. A ma'ana kalmar iya canza tare da karshen a lokuta, mutane, jinsi, yawan da kuma sauran nau'in Categories. Wannan na tabbatar da ilimin nahawu daidai haduwa a phrases da sentences.

Matsayi ƙarshen kalma - da cikakkar karshen. Duk da haka, a cikin Rasha harshen yana da fi'ili kari na baya baki Xia, wanda aka located kawai a karshen kalma. Saboda haka, karshen iya zama a gaban shi. Amma wannan shi ne wani banda ga mulkin.

Don ware karshen, shi wajibi ne lallashe da kalmar a cikin wani na san nahawu Categories. Alal misali, wani canji a cikin adadin ya nuna yadda sauti zai canza: da kare - da kare, kore - kore, shi - su ne. Kamar yadda ka gani, duk wadannan kalmomi karshe wasika (sauti, morpheme) canza. Wannan zai zama karshen.

Canzawa notional kalmomi

A Rasha akwai mai ma'ana kalmar ba tare da karshen. Misalan wadannan an san su da yawa: high taksi, raira waƙa. Wannan shi ne mai ma'ana bangare na jawabin, amma ba su canza saboda tarihi hali da kuma nahawu siffofin, sabili da haka ba su bukatar endings. Nau'in connectability na wadannan kalmomi ne da prepositions.

Zancen na jinsi, yawan, harka a wadannan kalmomi da aka ayyana ta dogara a kan su. Ga misali: kore-taxi - karshe kalma neuter a mufuradi. Wannan a fili take daga siffa, wanda aka ma located in cewa form.

Abin baƙin ciki, ba kowa ya san abin da kalmomi ba tare da karshen a Rasha harshe. Yana sunaye aro daga wasu harsuna: kangaroos, dasu, Mississippi. Fi'ili infinitives ma ba su da endings: raira waƙa, dance, tumbling. Adverbs ne da kalmomin a cikin wani m canzawa: high, zafi, da sauri. A karshe sauti -o sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin karshen, ko da yake yana da hankula ga yaruka kari na baya baki.

A musamman nau'i na fi'ili - gerund - kuma yana da ba ta da iyaka, domin shi ya tunawa wasu nau'in siffofin adverbs: karatu, gudu ba.

sifili karshen

Har ila yau a cikin Rasha harshen akwai kalmomi ba tare da karshen, misalai na wanda aka zahiri kawo karshen suna: doki, tebur, kofa, dare. Yana bayyana a lokacin da canza mace-mace ko lamba: doki - dawakai - doki - dawakai, tebur - alluna - tebur - Tables, dare - dare, da ƙofar - ƙofar.

Wannan sabon abu ne da ake kira philology null-kare. A cikin farko form, ba shi da wani jiki magana. A karshen Tsohon Slavonic harshen da aka bayyana, ta amfani da harafin Z, wanda ba su karanta ba, amma ya nuna cewa, wannan kalma za a iya canza: stol, pol. A tsawon lokaci, wannan wasika da aka rasa, amma a karshen wadannan kalmomi ba jiki ba.

Saboda haka kamata ka yi hankali a kayyade notional morpheme kalmomi.

kalmomi na waje asalin

Harshe hulda - ajali ɓangare na aiwatar da lexical enrichment. Dangane da lokaci na ci bashin da kalmomi da kuma ayyukan da amfani, shi iya ƙwarai shige zuwa cikin nahawu tsarin ko ba. An dade an aro kalmomi da yawa 'yan qasar jawabai riga riskarsa kamar wani iyali: da mast, akawu da tarho.

Akwai ma wani yawan Alamu cewa sun ba su iya zama cikakken fledged ɓangare na harshe: taxi, jirgin karkashin kasa, kangaroos, dasu, kofi.

A cikin wadannan kalmomi, a karshen akwai wani wasali sauti, wanda aka sani da yawa kamar yadda wani m part. A gaskiya, wadannan kalmomi ba su karshen, misalai daga abin da muka hadu a kowace rana.

Saboda haka, a ilimin nahawu ba daidai ba to ka ce: magana kan kofem, yarinya gashi, zo da mita, a biyu taksin. Nau'in gaskata domin irin wannan canje-canje a cikin Rasha harshen tukuna. Zai yiwu a lokaci suka zama cikakken m kalmomi, amma a lokacin da ci gaban da harshen su ne kawai a daya nau'i.

infinitives

A kan tambayar ko da kalmomi ba tare da endings a Rasha harshen ne, kowane malamin zai amsa a cikin m. Lalle ne, iyali na Alamu kamar yadda akwai mutane da yawa da cewa ba su canja, sabili da haka, ba su da wani yawan nahawu Categories.

Wannan musamman infinitives. fi'ili siffofin da Rasha harshen tsarin ne quite m da bambance bambancen. Cewa wadannan siffofin iya zama a matsayin mai raba bangare na jawabin, yayin da ciwon babban alama - nuna mataki.

Infinitives - shi ne na farko nau'i na kalmomi. Su main aiki - don gudanar da lexical ma'anar: aikin, kamar yadda irin wannan, ba tare da tunani da ainihi, lokaci da kuma hanyar aiwatar (karanta, rubuta, gudu waƙa, ku raira).

A wannan tsari, za su iya magana a sentences a fi'ili rawa, da kuma suna. Idan a karshen da tushen fi'ili bayyana, ya zama wani sirri fi'ili ko wani participle.

Wani canzawa nau'i na fi'ili - gerund - ya nuna kan aiwatar da yin wani mataki da aka kafa ba karshen, amma hankula ga wannan ɓangare na jawabin kari na baya baki.

yar bab

Yar bab taba yi a matsayin canza wani ɓangare na magana. Waɗannan su ne zantuttukan ba tare da karshen, misalai na wanda ya nuna cewa da bond iya zama a phrases da kuma ba tare da canza nahawu category.

Rawar da yaruka a cikin harshen - nuna ƙarin yanayi wani mataki. Ko da yake suna da wani lexical ma'anar, shi ne ainihin wani cikakken fledged 'yancin kai ba su mallaka.

Alal misali, a "rage" ko "m" taki da shawara da yin wani aikin. Amma ba tare da fi'ili yana da ba a bayyana abin da yake a kan gungumen azaba. Haka ya shafi wani adverbs.

Saboda haka, a cikin dũkiyar nahawu Categories, kamar yadda a cikin fi'ili ko suna, shi ne ba, kuma ba a bukata. Bayan duk, ma'anar asali da kuma nuna da lexical ma'anar kari na baya baki halayyar adverbs.

Own waje-harshen lakabi

Daga cikin canzawa kalmar, sabili da haka ba tare da karshen, nasa ne da yawancin kasashen waje dace sunayen: Rio de Janeiro, Mississippi, "Peugeot". Wadannan kalmomi talauci kasaftawa prefix, tushen, kawo karshen kari na baya baki.

Dalilin wannan - wani siffa daga cikin tsarin na waje harshe. Wasu abubuwa ze cikin uninitiated mutum ne quite kama da Rasha harshen, ko da yake a gaskiya mun fuskanci interlingual homonymy a takamaiman morpheme.

Akwai, ba shakka, a dukan tsararru na kama kalmomi da ta zo cikin harshen mu kuma zama wani ɓangare na da nau'in tsarin: Sahara - Sahara, Andes - a cikin Andes, Rhine - Rhein. Amma a irin wannan Alamu kawo karshen musamman Rasha da kuma da wani zumu da 'yan qasar harsuna waɗannan kalmomi.

morphological arziki

Philology sani da yawa kalmomi ba tare da endings, misalai na wanda ake amfani a yau da kullum jawabin dukkan jawabai. The yiwuwar kasancewar wadannan alamu da aka bayar a dũkiyar morpheme da nahawu ma'ana.

Ba kawai karshen iya canja siffar daga cikin kalmomi, amma suffixes. Bugu da kari, sau da yawa lura a lokacin da karshen kalma daya tsaye akan nahawu Categories a karo na biyu. Wannan ne key kalma bukatar wani dogara ne na tsari, wanda yake shi ne peculiar da kansa: a launin toka gashi, wani m gashi, da launin toka gashi, da launin toka gashi.

Har ila yau, a cikin harshen Turanci mafi daga cikin kalmomi ba tare da wani endings, kuma nahawu Categories aka bayyana ta wajen prepositions cewa sa mai tsanani wahala a cikin binciken na mutane-dako na Slavic harsuna, wanda ake quite ɓullo da yayi endings, ya nuna wani nau'i na kalma.