Menene daular Bitrus 1? Bitrus 1: Daular Romawa

A lokacin Lokacin wahala a kan kursiyin Rasha da daular Romanovs ya kasance da tabbaci. Shekaru ɗari uku masu zuwa, har sai da aka kawar da autocracy, wannan rukuni ya girma, ciki har da sunayen mafi girma daga cikin sarakunan Rasha. Tsar Bitrus Mai Girma bai zama wani batu ba, wanda ya ba da karfi ga bunkasar kasarmu.

A Brief History

Mulkin Dauda Bitrus na farko shine na iyalin gidan. An rubuta cewa mahaifin wannan jinsin shine Andrei Ivanovich Kobyl, wanda ya rayu a tsakiyar karni na 14. Wanda ya kafa Romanovs shine Nikita Romanovich Zakharin-Yuryev, wanda ya zama uban Fyodor Nikitich. Ci gaba HALITTAR Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov, wanda shi ne na farko a 1613 a Zemsky Sobor an zabe shi a gadon sarautar, zama da kafa wani sabon gidan sarauta daular. Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov alama mulkinsa a 1645-1676 gg. Muhimmin canje-canje da suka shafi zamantakewa da siyasa. 1 Bitrus daular ci gaba Fedorom Alekseevichem Romanovym, wanda ya zauna a kan gadon sarautar for dogon: daga 1676 zuwa 1682 bayan rasuwar sarkin co-shugabanni na kasa sun zama biyu na 'yan'uwansa: Ivan da Bitrus Alekseevich. Na farko bai iya yin mulki ba, kuma ɗan'uwana na biyu ya yi ƙananan ƙananan aikin wannan muhimmin aiki. A wannan batun, har zuwa shekara ta 1689, 'yar'uwarsu, Sofya Alekseevna, ta dauki nauyin gwamnati. Bayan mutuwar ɗan'uwansa dattijai a 1696, Bitrus na farko ya zama daular tsar. Tsarin Romanov ya samo a cikin mutuminsa mai gyara wanda ya taso Rasha "a kan kafafunsa".

Manufar sarki na farko

Gaba ɗaya, Peter Alekseevich ya ci gaba da dabarun mahaifinsa. Tsohon hukumomi sun rushe kuma sun rushe, kuma an halicci sababbin su a kan rushewarsu. Lokacin da dukan masana tarihi suka dauka mulkinsa an yi la'akari da shi a matsayin lokaci mai nasara ga Rasha. Wannan sarki ne wanda ya gudanar da babban adadin manyan canje-canje da suka haifar da tasiri ga ci gaban ƙasarmu. Mulkin Dauda Bitrus har zuwa 1721 an kira shi sarki. Duk da haka, wannan kyakkyawan tunani na waje da manufofi na gida Peter Alekseevich ya juya Rasha zuwa kasar mafi karfi a Turai, yana mai da shi mulki. Mulkin daular tun daga shekara ta 1721 ya zama sananne ne a matsayin mai mulkin mallaka.

Gidawar kursiyin

A Bitrus 1 akwai ɗayan da ya tsira daga ƙananan shekaru. Su ne dan sarki - Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich. Duk da haka, kawai magajinsa ga kursiyin a shekarar 1718 an zarge shi da tsayayya da sake fasalin mahaifinsa. Yuni 26 An kashe Alexei Petrovich. Iyalin Bitrus 1 ba tare da wani namiji ba, wanda ya tilasta wa sarki ya ba da doka a kan gadon sarauta. A kan wannan takarda, Bitrus 1 yana da hakki, a kan hankali, ya zaba magaji, wanda zai kasance mai ɗaukar dangi na sarki. Amma shirin da sarki ya yi bai faru ba: ya mutu, kuma ba tare da sanya wani sabon babi. Bayan mutuwarsa matarsa Catherine Alekseevna, wanda ya yi mulki daga 1725 zuwa 1727 - ya hau gadon mulki, dan Alexei Petrovich, Peter II Alekseevich ya zama sabon sarki, amma a 1730 ya mutu. Wannan shi ne ƙarshen daular Bitrus Babba a cikin maza.

Ci gaba da jinsin

Bayan mutuwar Bitrus II Alekseevich zama mulki yar Ivan V, kira Anna Ivanovna. A 1740, ta mutu, ya kuma hau zuwa kursiyin dan lokaci Brunswick daular, wanda ya yi mulki a madadin na Ivan VI Antonovich, shi ne da dan na marigayi Duchess.

Matsayin jini na karshe na jinsi

A 1741-m mulki ya wuce zuwa 'yar Bitrus I na - Elizavete Petrovne Romanovoy, wanda ya zauna a kan gadon sarautar har 1761. Tare da mutuwar (1761), daular Bitrus Babba ta tsaya a kan layin mata. Wa] anda suka kasance wakilansa sune zuriyar Genus Holstein-Gottorp, wanda ya karbi sunan Romanovs mai suna sananne.